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. 2018 Feb 26;9(21):15616–15634. doi: 10.18632/oncotarget.24582

Figure 7. Accumulation of CSP and its analogues on the bacterial cell membrane.

Figure 7

(A) Localization of the indicated CSP analogues on E. coli. Cells were incubated for 20 min with the MICs of rhodamine-labeled AMPs. Cells were visualized using confocal laser scanning microscopy. Scale bar, 5 μm. (B) Effect of CSP (20 μM; pH 5.5 or pH 7.4) and the indicated CSP analogues on GUVs (PE/PG/PE-rhodamine). Scale bar, 50 μm. Scanning (C, E) and transmission (D) electron micrographs show disruption of the E. coli and S. aureus cell membrane by CSP-4 at 1/2 MIC in 10 mM sodium phosphate buffer (pH 5.5 and pH 7.4). The panels show formation of large pores after exposure to CSP-4. S. aureus cells were cultured in the absence (top) and presence (bottom) of CSP-4. Scale bar in C and E, 5 µm; scale bar in d, 2 nm.