Table 2.

Novel Agents in Development for Treating Carbapenem-Resistant Organisms, Including Carbapenemase-Producing Organisms and Those Resistant to Carbapenems by Other Mechanisms

Antibiotic	Drug Class	Intended Indication/Activity/Comments
Aztreonam-avibactam	Monocyclic-β-lactam and DBO BLI	Gram-negative bacteria expressing ESBLs, serine-based carbapenemases, and MBLs
Cefiderocol	Siderophore-β-lactam (cephalosporin)	•cUTI, carbapenem-resistant gram-negative bacterial infections •Active against MBL-producing strains
Ceftaroline fosamil-avibactam	Cephalosporin and DBO BLI	Currently undefined, likely CAP
Eravacycline	Tetracycline	•cIAI and cUTI •Multidrug-resistant gram-negative rods
Imipenem/cilistatin-relebactam	Carbapenem and DBO BLI	•cUTI •cIAI •HAP •Active against ESBLs and KPCs
LYS228	Monobactam	MBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae including CRE
Meropenem-vaborbactam	Carbapenem and cyclic boronic acid BLI	•cUTI •CRBSI •HAP •VAP •cIAI due to CRE
Plazomycin	Aminoglycoside	•cUTI •CRBSI •HAP •VAP •cIAI due to CPOs and CRE

Abbreviations: BLI, β-lactamase inhibitor; CAP, community acquired pneumonia; cIAI, complicated intra-abdominal infection; CPO, carbapenemase-producing organism; CRBSI, catheter-related bloodstream infection; CRE, carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae; cUTI, complicated urinary tract infection; DBO, diazabicyclooctane; ESBL, extended-spectrum β-lactamase; HAP, hospital-acquired pneumonia; KPC, Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemase; MBL, metallo-β-lactamase; VAP, ventilator-associated bacterial pneumonia.