Homeobox a5 (Hoxa5) enhances white adipose tissue (WAT) browning by alleviating lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammation in mice. (A) Relative mRNA levels of Hoxa5, UCP1, PGC1α, and Cidea in inguinal white adipose tissue (iWAT) after 8 or 24 h cold exposure at 4°C (n = 6). (B) iWAT representative picture of male mice with cold exposure at 4°C or 25°C for control (n = 6). (C) Mice with an injection of LPS at 4°C or 25°C, relative mRNA levels of Hoxa5 in iWAT of mice in different groups (n = 6). (D) Serum protein levels of TNFα and IL6 in different groups (n = 6). (E) UCP1, PGC1α, IL6, and TNFα mRNA expression in iWAT of mice injected with or without LPS at 4°C or 25°C (n = 6). (F) mRNA expressions of UCP1, PGC1α, IL6, and TNFα in iWAT of mice injected with or without LPS under cl316,243 treatment (n = 6). (G) Correlation analysis of UCP1 and Hoxa5 mRNA level in mice WAT (n = 6). (H) Hoxa5 relative mRNA expression in adipocytes with co-treatment of LPS and ATRA (n = 4). (I) Relative mRNA expressions of IL6, TNFα, UCP1, and PGC1α in adipocytes with co-treatment of LPS and ATRA (n = 4). Values are represented as means ± SD vs. control group, *p < 0.05.