Table 2. Risk of the Maternal Composite Cardiac Outcomes or Death Starting 30 Days After a Live Birth Pregnancya.
| Composite Outcome According to Exposure Status | No. (Incidence Rate per 10 000 Person-y) | Crude Hazard Ratio (95% CI) | Adjusted Hazard Ratio (95% CI) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Model 1b | Model 2c | |||
| Heart Failure, Atrial or Ventricular Dysrhythmia, or Deathd | ||||
| Term birth without severe SGA (n = 619 311) | 1879 (4.1) | 1 [Reference] | 1 [Reference] | 1 [Reference] |
| Term birth with severe SGA (n = 43 240) | 178 (5.6) | 1.38 (1.19-1.61) | 1.33 (1.14-1.55) | 1.27 (1.09-1.48) |
| PTB without severe SGA (n = 45 134) | 246 (7.3) | 1.78 (1.56-2.03) | 1.55 (1.35-1.78) | 1.38 (1.20-1.59) |
| PTB with severe SGA (n = 2816) | 23 (11.3) | 2.79 (1.85-4.21) | 2.06 (1.35-3.13) | 1.66 (1.09-2.52) |
| Heart Failure or Atrial or Ventricular Dysrhythmiae | ||||
| Term birth without severe SGA (n = 619 311) | 585 (1.3) | 1 [Reference] | 1 [Reference] | 1 [Reference] |
| Term birth with severe SGA (n = 43 240) | 59 (1.9) | 1.47 (1.12-1.92) | 1.39 (1.06-1.82) | 1.33 (1.02-1.74) |
| PTB without severe SGA (n = 45 134) | 93 (2.7) | 2.17 (1.74-2.69) | 1.66 (1.32-2.09) | 1.44 (1.15-1.82) |
| PTB with severe SGA (n = 2816) | 8 (3.9) | 3.10 (1.55-6.24) | 1.76 (0.87-3.59) | 1.37 (0.67-2.78) |
| Heart Failure, Atrial or Ventricular Dysrhythmia, or Coronary Artery Diseasee | ||||
| Term birth without severe SGA (n = 619 311) | 844 (1.8) | 1 [Reference] | 1 [Reference] | 1 [Reference] |
| Term birth with severe SGA (n = 43 240) | 80 (2.5) | 1.38 (1.10-1.74) | 1.31 (1.04-1.65) | 1.22 (0.97-1.53) |
| PTB without severe SGA (n = 45 134) | 144 (4.3) | 2.32 (1.95-2.77) | 1.75 (1.46-2.11) | 1.38 (1.15-1.67) |
| PTB with severe SGA (n = 2816) | 12 (5.9) | 3.24 (1.83-5.73) | 1.82 (1.02-3.25) | 1.21 (0.68-2.17) |
Abbreviations: PTB, preterm birth; SGA, small for gestational age (birth weight below the fifth percentile).
a
Data are presented for all singleton live births from 23 to 42 weeks’ gestation.
b
Hazard ratios are adjusted for maternal age, income quintile, and preeclampsia/eclampsia (each at birth), as well as diabetes, chronic hypertension, obesity, dyslipidemia, drug dependence or smoking, and kidney disease (each ≤24 mo before the birth date).
c
Hazard ratios are further adjusted for diabetes, chronic hypertension, obesity, dyslipidemia, drug dependence or smoking, and kidney disease (time varying from the index birth date onward).
d
Model not censored on death.
e
Model censored on death.