Table 4.
Parameter | Skilled birth care |
At least one ANC |
Four or more ANC |
||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
aOR | CI | P | aOR | CI | P | aOR | CI | P | |
Age in years | |||||||||
<20 | Ref | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
20–35 | 0.81 | 0.70, 0.94 | <0.001 | 0.78 | 0.61, 1.01 | 0.06 | 1.06 | 0.92, 1.23 | 0.41 |
>35 | 0.73 | 0.51, 1.06 | 0.09 | 0.49 | 0.31, 0.57 | <0.01 | 0.65 | 0.46, 0.92 | 0.02 |
Education | |||||||||
Illiterate | Ref | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
Non-formal education | 1.06 | 0.90, 1.26 | 0.47 | 1.27 | 1.04, 1.56 | 0.02 | 1.39 | 1.19, 1.62 | <0.001 |
Primary level | 1.70 | 1.37, 2.10 | <0.001 | 2.95 | 2.06, 4.23 | <0.001 | 1.92 | 1.56, 2.36 | <0.001 |
Secondary level\ | 2.02 | 1.63, 2.50 | <0.001 | 4.76 | 3.17, 7.16 | <0.001 | 2.56 | 2.08, 3.14 | <0.001 |
Higher secondary and above | 3.90 | 2.88, 5.28 | <0.001 | 10.40 | 4.71, 22.96 | <0.001 | 4.86 | 3.54, 6.67 | <0.001 |
Occupation | |||||||||
Agriculture | Ref | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
Service | 1.36 | 0.82, 2.27 | 0.23 | 1.05 | 0.29, 3.78 | 0.94 | 1.16 | 0.67, 1.98 | 0.60 |
Business | 1.55 | 0.89, 2.68 | 0.12 | 1.82 | 0.54, 6.14 | 0.33 | 1.08 | 0.63, 1.86 | 0.78 |
Wage labour | 0.69 | 0.36, 1.34 | 0.27 | 0.62 | 0.24, 1.57 | 0.31 | 0.81 | 0.43, 1.53 | 0.52 |
House wife | 1.19 | 1.01, 1.41 | 0.03 | 0.98 | 0.76, 1.27 | 0.89 | 0.92 | 0.79, 1.08 | 0.32 |
Others | 0.65 | 0.33, 1.29 | 0.22 | 0.78 | 0.28, 2.14 | 0.63 | 0.68 | 0.36, 1.29 | 0.24 |
Ethnicity | |||||||||
Brahman/Chhetri | Ref | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
Janajati | 1.19 | 0.93, 1.53 | 0.17 | 1.86 | 1.11, 3.11 | 0.02 | 1.06 | 0.83, 1.34 | 0.63 |
Dalit | 1.16 | 1.00, 1.35 | 0.05 | 1.26 | 1.02, 1.57 | 0.03 | 1.07 | 0.93, 1.23 | 0.36 |
Others | 1.17 | 0.74, 1.85 | 0.49 | 0.75 | 0.39, 1.44 | 0.39 | 1.28 | 0.82, 2.01 | 0.28 |
Intervention time (baseline vs post-intervention) | 2.12 | 1.76,2.56 | <0.001 | 1.36 | 1.05,1.74 | 0.02 | 1.95 | 1.63,2.33 | <0.001 |
Intervention group (intervention vs control) | 0.54 | 0.29, 0.99 | 0.05 | 0.81 | 0.51,1.30 | 0.40 | 0.77 | 0.52,1.13 | 0.18 |
Effects of intervention on SBA service utilization | |||||||||
Post-intervention | 1.57 | 1.19, 2.08 | <0.001 | 1.42 | 0.98,2.06 | 0.06 | 0.86 | 0.67,1.10 | 0.23 |
Coefficient of variation | 0.390 | 0.423 | 0.209 |
Note: Results are shown for effects of intervention to increase service utilization using mixed-effects model. The results are adjusted for age, education, occupation, ethnicity, intervention time and intervention group. ANC: antenatal care, aOR: adjusted odds ratio, CI: confidence interval, SBA: skilled birth attendant, Ref: Reference.