Table 2.
AMD events among non-BP and BP-users after matching.
| Non-BP | BP-users | P-value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| (n=42) | (n=57) | ||
| Sex | |||
| Women | 39 (92.9%) | 49 (86.0%) | 0.35 |
| Men | 3 (7.1%) | 8 (14.0%) | |
| Smoking | 1.00 | ||
| Never | 25 (59.5%) | 35 (61.4%) | |
| Former | 12 (28.6%) | 16 (28.1%) | |
| Current | 5 (11.9%) | 6 (10.5%) | |
| Drinking | 0.02 | ||
| Never | 9 (21.4%) | 11 (19.3%) | |
| Former | 0 (0.0%) | 3 (5.3%) | |
| Current | 33 (78.6%) | 43 (75.4%) | |
| Index year | 1.00 | ||
| 1999 | 2 (4.8%) | 5 (8.8%) | |
| 2000 | 2 (4.8%) | 1 (1.8%) | |
| 2001 | 3 (7.1%) | 4 (7.0%) | |
| 2002 | 4 (9.5%) | 6 (10.5%) | |
| 2003 | 5 (11.9%) | 7 (12.3%) | |
| 2004 | 4 (9.5%) | 4 (7.0%) | |
| 2005 | 4 (9.5%) | 6 (10.5%) | |
| 2006 | 6 (14.3%) | 6 (10.5%) | |
| 2007 | 4 (9.5%) | 5 (8.8%) | |
| 2008 | 3 (7.1%) | 6 (10.5%) | |
| 2009 | 2 (4.8%) | 4 (7.0%) | |
| 2010 | 3 (7.1%) | 1 (1.8%) | |
| 2011 | 0 (0.0%) | 2 (3.5%) | |
| 2012 | ─ | ─ | |
| Region | 0.24 | ||
| North England | 21 (50.0%) | 30 (52.6%) | |
| South England | 14 (33.3%) | 19 (33.3%) | |
| Northern Ireland | 0 (0.0%) | 2 (3.5%) | |
| Scotland | 1 (2.4%) | 4 (7.0%) | |
| Wales | 6 (14.3%) | 2 (3.5%) | |
| Drug confounders | |||
| Antiarrhythmics | 2 (4.8%) | 5 (8.8%) | 0.70 |
| Antidepressants | 13 (31.0%) | 17 (29.8%) | 1.00 |
| Antiepileptics | 0 (0.0%) | 5 (8.8%) | 0.07 |
| Antiparkinson | 2 (4.8%) | 3 (5.3%) | 1.00 |
| Anxiolytics | 8 (19.1%) | 6 (10.5%) | 0.26 |
| PPI | 16 (38.1%) | 27 (47.4%) | 0.42 |
| NSAIDS | 41 (97.6%) | 48 (84.2%) | 0.04 |
| Systemic HRT | 2 (4.8%) | 4 (7.0%) | 1.00 |
| SERMS | ─ | ─ | |
| Strontium | ─ | ─ | |
| Calcium | 4 (9.5%) | 4 (7.0%) | 0.72 |
| Non-ocular corticoids | 5 (11.9%) | 3 (5.3%) | 0.28 |
| Ocular corticoids | 2 (4.8%) | 1 (1.8%) | 0.57 |
| Insulin | 1 (2.4%) | 0 (0.0%) | 0.42 |
| Co-morbidity confounders | |||
| Charlson Comorbidity in previous 5-years | 0.86 | ||
| None | 24 (57.1%) | 29 (50.9%) | |
| Mild (1 to 2) | 15 (35.7%) | 23 (40.3%) | |
| Moderate (3 to 4) | 2 (4.8%) | 2 (3.5%) | |
| Severe (5+) | 1 (2.4%) | 0 (0.0%) | |
| Asthma | 9 (21.4%) | 6 (10.5%) | 0.16 |
| Inflammatory bowel disease | 1 (2.4%) | 1 (1.8%) | 1.00 |
| Hypertension | 21 (50.0%) | 32 (56.1%) | 0.68 |
| Hyperlipidaemia | 6 (14.3%) | 14 (24.6%) | 0.31 |
| Ischemic heart disease | 5 (11.9%) | 11 (19.3%) | 0.41 |
| CVD | 5 (11.9%) | 2 (3.5%) | 0.13 |
| COPD | 5 (11.9%) | 3 (5.3%) | 0.28 |
| Chronic renal failure | 0 (0.0%) | 4 (7.0%) | 0.14 |
| Cancers | 6 (14.3%) | 8 (14.0%) | 1.00 |
| Cataract surgery | 4 (9.5%) | 6 (10.5%) | 1.00 |
| Type 1 diabetes | 1 (2.4%) | 0 (0.0%) | 0.42 |
| Type 2 diabetes | 3 (7.1%) | 8 (14.0%) | 0.35 |
Proton pump inhibitor, PPI; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, NSAID; hormone replacement therapy, HRT; selective estrogen receptor modulator, SERM; cardio vascular disease, CVD; chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, COPD. P-values from Fisher's exact of 2 tails.