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. 2018 Mar 22;12(2):101–109. doi: 10.4162/nrp.2018.12.2.101

Fig. 3. Effect of vitamin C supplementation on proinflammatory mediators and cytokines in middle and distal colon.

Fig. 3

(A) mRNA expressions of COX-2 and mPGES-2 (B) TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 in middle colon (a) and in the distal colon (b) were analyzed using real-time PCR. β-actin and GAPDH were used as the loading control. Mean ± SEM are shown (Control, n = 9; CC, n = 12; V60 and V120, n = 11 per group). One-way ANOVAs and Newman-Keuls' post hoc tests were performed (P<0.05). CC, AOM/DSS-induced colon cancer; V60, AOM/DSS + 60 mg/kg body weight (b.w.) of vitamin C; V120, AOM/DSS + 120 mg/kg b.w. of vitamin C.