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. 2018 Apr 6;11:99. doi: 10.1186/s13068-018-1096-x

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© The Author(s) 2018

Open AccessThis article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.

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Fig. 1 — The time course of a cell growth and total amount of active cells (OD multiplied by reciprocal value of inactive cells from chart c), b metabolite formation, c pH and percentage of inactive cells, d distribution of different sub-populations according to their LS and fluorescence staining pattern for sporulation phenotype and ABE fermentation carried out on TYA medium without addition of external stress factors. Error bars represent standard deviations of three independent biological replicates, and calculated values are presented without error bars