Table 2.
Baseline demographics and hospital use characteristics of home-based primary care (HBPC) and home care (HC) recipients
| HBPC Recipients n = 246 |
HC Recipients n = 492 |
p-value* | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Mean age in years at admission (SD) | 85.2 (9.2) | 84.1 (9.1) | 0.127 |
| Minimum – maximum | 55.8 – 103.9 | 56.5 – 103.1 | |
| Age above 90 years, n (%) | 82 (33.3) | 125 (25.4) | 0.024 |
| Male, n (%) | 87 (35.4) | 175 (35.6) | 0.957 |
| CHESS Scorea, n (%) | |||
| 0 | 47 (19.1) | 94 (19.1) | 1.000 |
| 1 | 79 (32.1) | 158 (32.1) | |
| 2 | 73 (29.7) | 160 (32.5) | |
| 3 | 35 (14.2) | 61 (12.4) | |
| 4 | 11 (4.5) | 19 (3.9) | |
| 5 | 1 (0.4) | 0 | |
| MAPLe Scorea, n (%) | |||
| 1 | 4 (1.6) | 12 (2.4) | 1.000 |
| 2 | 13 (5.3) | 40 (8.1) | |
| 3 | 64 (26.0) | 110 (22.4) | |
| 4 | 107 (43.5) | 237 (48.2) | |
| 5 | 58 (23.6) | 93 (18.9) | |
| Lives alone | 132 (53.9) | 266 (54.1) | 0.962 |
| Missing, n | 1 | ||
| ED visit rate§ per 1000 PD (95% CI) | 4.1 (3.8, 4.4) | 3.0 (2.8, 3.2) | <.0001 |
| CTASa, n (%) | |||
| 1-3 | 451 (72.6) | 613 (66.3) | 0.008 |
| 4-5 | 170 (27.4) | 312 (33.7) | |
| Hospital admission rate§ per 1000 PD (95% CI) | 2.3 (2.1, 2.5) | 1.3 (1.2, 1.4) | <.0001 |
| Days spent in hospital§ per 1000 PD (95% CI) | 41.8 (40.7, 42.8) | 18.6 (18.2, 19.1) | <.0001 |
SD standard deviation, CHESS Hospital and Community Outcome Measures (An algorithm derived from the MDS-RAI data and developed to detect frailty and instability in health; identifies individuals at serious risk of decline; scale ranges from 0 (no instability) to 5 (highest level of instability)), MAPLe Method for Assigning Priority Levels (An algorithm derived from the MDS-RAI data and based on 14 indicators such as Activities of Daily Living (ADL) and cognitive functioning, falls, and risk of institutionalization; assigns a level from 1 (low) to 5 (very high) of functional dependency), ED Emergency Department, PD patient days, CI confidence interval, CTAS Canadian Triage and Acuity Scale (A classification scale that groups patients into five levels of urgency when they present to the ED, ranges from 1 (resuscitation) to 5 (non urgent))
*Tests of comparison included two independent samples t-test or Chi-square test; significant results are presented in boldface and italics
aTests of comparison for CHESS Score, MAPLe Score, and CTAS carried out using binary variables: CHESS 0-1 versus CHESS 2-5; MAPLe 1-3 versus MAPLe 4-5; CTAS 1-3 versus CTAS 4-5
§p-value generated from univariate Poisson regression models; significant results are presented in boldface and italics