TABLE V. Findings from recent Latin American environmental studies searching for the niche of Cryptococcus neoformans and C. gattii .
Country | Sample | Species recovered | Studies | Reference | |||
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Bird excreta | Tree detritus | C. neoformans | C. gattii | Phenotypic | Molecular | ||
Argentina | X | X | X | X | VNI, VGI | Refojo et al. (2009) | |
X | X | X | Álvarez et al. (2010) | ||||
X | X | VGI, VGIII | Mazza et al. (2013) | ||||
X | X | X | VNI, VGI | Cattana et al. (2014) | |||
Brazil | X | X | X | X | VNI, VGII | Costa et al. (2009) | |
X | X | X | VNI, VNII, MATa | Ferreira-Paim et al. (2011) | |||
X | X | X | X | VNI, VNII | Andrade-Silva et al. (2012) | ||
X | X | X | Takahara et al. (2013) | ||||
X | X | AS | Andrade-Silva et al. (2013) | ||||
X | X | X | AS | Teodoro et al. (2013) | |||
X | X | X | VGII | Anzai et al. (2014) | |||
X | X | X | VGII | Brito-Santos et al. (2015) | |||
X | X | X | VNI, MATa | Castro e Silva et al. (2016) | |||
X | X | X | X | AS | VNI, VGII | Alves et al. (2016) | |
Chile | X | X | AS | González-Hein et al. (2010) | |||
X | X | X | Toro-Zúñiga et al. (2015) | ||||
Colombia | X | X | X | X | X | VGIII | Escandón et al. 2005 |
X | X | VGIII | Escandón et al. (2010) | ||||
X | X | X | VNI, B, VGI, VGIII | Firacative et al. (2011) | |||
X | X | X | X | X | VNI, VGII, VGIII | Mak et al. (2015) | |
X | X | X | VNI | Noguera et al. (2015) | |||
X | X | X | X | VNI, VGIII | Vélez and Escandón (2017) | ||
Cuba | X | X | Satellites | Illnait-Zaragozi et al. (2010a) | |||
X | Cryptococcus spp. | Illnait-Zaragozi et al. (2012) | |||||
Mexico | X | X | X | X | Canónico-Gonzáles et al. (2013) |
AS: antifungal susceptibility.