TABLE 1—
Baseline Demographics of Oral Health 4 Life (OH4L) Study Participants: United States, 2015–2016
| Demographic | Control (n = 360), Mean ±SD or No. (%) | Experimental (n = 358), Mean ±SD or No. (%) | All (n = 718), Mean ±SD or No. (%) |
| Age, y | 44.5 ±12.2 | 44.1 ±12.2 | 44.3 ±12.2 |
| Cigarettes per day | 18.9 ±9.5 | 19.3 ±9.7 | 19.1 ±9.7 |
| Motivation to see dentist in next 6 moa | 4.4 ±1.1 | 4.4 ±1.1 | 4.4 ±1.1 |
| Motivation to stop smokinga | 4.9 ±0.5 | 4.9 ±0.4 | 4.9 ±0.4 |
| Self-efficacy for seeing dentist in next 6 mo | 4.0 ±1.3 | 3.9 ±1.4 | 4.0 ±1.4 |
| Self-efficacy for quitting smokinga | 4.5 ±0.9 | 4.5 ±0.9 | 4.5 ±0.9 |
| Female | 223 (62.1) | 220 (61.5) | 443 (61.8) |
| Hispanic or Latino | 5 (1.4) | 16 (4.5) | 21 (3.0) |
| Race | |||
| White | 208 (58.1) | 209 (58.7) | 417 (58.4) |
| Black | 113 (31.6) | 95 (26.7) | 208 (29.1) |
| Other or multiracial | 37 (10.3) | 52 (14.6) | 89 (12.5) |
| Dental insurance | 118 (32.8) | 117 (32.7) | 235 (32.7) |
| Married or living as married | 144 (40.2) | 154 (43.5) | 298 (41.9) |
| Currently employed | 168 (47.3) | 165 (46.2) | 333 (46.8) |
| Disabled (employed and unemployed) | 99 (27.6) | 101 (28.6) | 200 (28.1) |
| History of depression | 215 (59.7) | 211 (58.9) | 426 (59.3) |
| Income, $ | |||
| < 20 000 | 218 (62.6) | 212 (62.0) | 430 (62.3) |
| 20 000 to < 40 000 | 85 (24.4) | 82 (24.0) | 167 (24.2) |
| 40 000 to < 60 000 | 30 (8.6) | 31 (9.1) | 61 (8.8) |
| ≥ 60 000 | 15 (4.3) | 17 (5.0) | 32 (4.6) |
| Education | |||
| < high school degree | 59 (16.7) | 64 (18.1) | 123 (17.4) |
| GED or high school degree | 135 (38.1) | 131 (37.1) | 266 (37.6) |
| Some college, technical, or trade school | 115 (32.0) | 96 (26.8) | 201 (29.4) |
| ≥ college degree | 45 (12.7) | 62 (17.6) | 107 (15.1) |
| Last dental cleaning > 1 y ago or never | 312 (86.9) | 307 (86.7) | 619 (86.8) |
| Last dental visit > 1 y ago or never | 294 (81.7) | 282 (78.8) | 576 (80.2) |
| Oral health self-rating | |||
| Excellent | 4 (1.1) | 1 (0.3) | 5 (0.7) |
| Very good | 24 (6.8) | 28 (7.9) | 52 (7.3) |
| Good | 75 (21.1) | 75 (21.1) | 150 (21.1) |
| Fair | 131 (36.9) | 137 (38.6) | 268 (37.8) |
| Poor | 121 (34.1) | 114 (32.1) | 235 (33.1) |
Note. GED = general equivalency diploma.
a
Measured on 5-point Likert scale from “not at all” (0) to “very” (5).