TABLE 2—
Bivariate Associations Between Individual Characteristics and Opinions About Health Disparities of Respondents in the Mayor Sample: United States, 2016
| Strongly Agree That Health Disparities Exist in Their City (Yes) |
Believe That Health Disparities in Their City Are Very Avoidable (Yes) |
Believe That Health Disparities in Their City Are Very Unfair (Yes) |
Believe That City Policies Can Have a Major Impact on Health Disparities in Their City (Yes) |
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| Characteristic and Opinion | % | OR (95% CI) | % | OR (95% CI) | % | OR (95% CI) | % | OR (95% CI) |
| Individual characteristics | ||||||||
| Time in professional position, y | ||||||||
| < 3 | 38.2 | 1 (Ref) | 14.7 | 1 (Ref) | 39.7 | 1 (Ref) | 27.9 | 1 (Ref) |
| ≥ 3 | 43.0 | 1.22 (0.68, 2.19) | 25.8 | 1.98 (0.92, 4.26) | 29.8 | 0.65 (0.36, 1.19) | 19.2 | 0.61 (0.31, 1.19) |
| Highest education level | ||||||||
| College or less | 34.7 | 1 (Ref) | 23.5 | 1 (Ref) | 23.5 | 1 (Ref) | 20.4 | 1 (Ref) |
| Master’s degree | 48.3 | 1.76 (0.98, 3.17) | 15.7 | 0.60 (0.29, 1.26) | 42.7 | 2.43 (1.29, 4.57) | 20.2 | 0.99 (0.48, 2.02) |
| Doctoral degree | 43.8 | 1.46 (0.65, 3.30) | 37.5 | 1.93 (0.82, 4.54) | 34.4 | 1.64 (0.69, 3.90) | 31.3 | 1.77 (0.73, 4.34) |
| Social ideology | ||||||||
| Conservative | 17.6 | 1 (Ref) | 17.6 | 1 (Ref) | 9.8 | 1 (Ref) | 7.8 | 1 (Ref) |
| Moderate | 31.4 | 2.14 (0.89, 5.15) | 21.4 | 1.24 (0.50, 3.12) | 27.1 | 3.34 (1.15, 9.69) | 22.9 | 3.48 (1.09, 11.14) |
| Liberal | 61.2 | 7.37 (3.22, 16.84) | 25.5 | 1.56 (0.67, 3.66) | 49.0 | 8.26 (3.02, 22.61) | 28.6 | 4.70 (1.55, 14.28) |
| Fiscal ideology | ||||||||
| Conservative | 31.8 | 1 (Ref) | 17.8 | 1 (Ref) | 20.2 | 1 (Ref) | 14.0 | 1 (Ref) |
| Moderate | 51.7 | 2.29 (1.23, 4.30) | 23.3 | 1.39 (0.66, 2.94) | 40.0 | 2.51 (1.28, 4.93) | 26.7 | 2.24 (1.05, 4.79) |
| Liberal | 63.3 | 3.71 (1.62, 8.50) | 40.0 | 3.04 (1.29, 7.18) | 73.3 | 10.37 (4.14, 25.94) | 46.7 | 5.40 (2.25, 12.92) |
| Opinions about health disparities | ||||||||
| Strongly agree that health disparities exist in their city | ||||||||
| No | . . | . . | 18.8 | 1 (Ref) | 21.9 | 1 (Ref) | 12.5 | 1 (Ref) |
| Yes | . . | . . | 27.5 | 1.63 (0.86, 3.08) | 48.4 | 3.39 (1.88, 6.12) | 35.2 | 3.80 (1.93, 7.48) |
| Believe that health disparities in their city are very avoidable | ||||||||
| No | 39.1 | 1 (Ref) | . . | . . | 30.2 | 1 (Ref) | 15.4 | 1 (Ref) |
| Yes | 51.0 | 1.63 (0.86, 3.08) | . . | . . | 42.9 | 1.82 (0.94, 3.53) | 42.9 | 4.13 (2.04, 8.33) |
| Believe that health disparities in their city are very unfair | ||||||||
| No | 31.7 | 1 (Ref) | 18.3 | 1 (Ref) | . . | . . | 15.5 | 1 (Ref) |
| Yes | 61.1 | 3.39 (1.88, 6.12) | 29.2 | 1.82 (0.94, 3.53) | . . | . . | 34.7 | 2.90 (1.49, 5.64) |
| Believe that city policies can have a major impact on health disparities in their city | ||||||||
| No | 34.5 | 1 (Ref) | 16.4 | 1 (Ref) | 27.5 | 1 (Ref) | . . | . . |
| Yes | 66.7 | 3.80 (1.93, 7.48) | 43.8 | 4.13 (2.04, 8.33) | 52.1 | 2.90 (1.49, 5.64) | . . | . . |
Note. CI = confidence interval; OR = odds ratio. Respondents n = 230.