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Factors released by metastatic cells during crosstalk with astrocytes.
| Factor released by brain metastatic cell | Tumor cell type involved | Models used | Mechanism of action | Effect | Observation | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| IL-1β | Breast CSCs | In vitro and mouse xenograft | Upregulates JAG1 on reactive astrocytes | Self-renewal of CSCs | Through JAG1- Notch-signaling | 152 |
| IL-6, IL-8 | Breast cancer cells | In vitro | Through gap junction and endothelin signaling | 130 |
CSC: cancer stem-like cells.
