Table 4.

Number of QTLs, explained phenotypic variance, and prediction ability per trait and location

Trait a	Location	Analysis type b	QTLs c	R 2 adj d	R 2 pred e
SHO	Halle	Across	28	81.3	63.3
	Dundee	Across	12	41.8	18.7
SEL	Halle	Across	23	70.9	45.9
	Dundee	Across	11	19.6	0.4
HEA	Halle	Across	25	82.8	65.5
	Dundee	Across	23	81.1	63.4
RIP	Halle	Across	29	62.6	33.6
	Dundee	Across	19	52.4	26.8
MAT	Halle	Across	22	75.9	56.5
	Dundee	Across	22	53.6	23.1
HEI	Halle	Across	23	82.4	67.0
	Dundee	Across	22	79.7	64.8
LOD	Halle	Across	16	70.9	52.0
TCK	Dundee	N0	15	44.5	17.5

^a Trait abbreviations are given in Table 1. ^b Phenotypic data used for GWAS were analysed across N treatments or restricted to N0 (low N). ^c Number of robust QTLs with detection rate of peak marker ≥25. ^d Mean explained phenotypic variance in the training set across all cross-validation runs in %. ^e Mean prediction ability in the validation set across all cross-validation runs in %.