. 2018 Jan 20;38(5):463–476. doi: 10.1093/asj/sjx238

Table 4.

Comparison of Facial Surface Area and Volume, Determined Using the Laser Scanning System, Before and After Facial Muscle Exercise Using the Pao Device

Surface area and volume in the lower facial quadrants^a	Side	Before	After	P
Surface area and volume in the lower facial quadrants^a	Side	Mean ± SD	Mean ± SD	P
Surface area, cm²	Right	22.615 ± 7.446	22.144 ± 6.756	0.005
Surface area, cm²	Left	21.249 ± 8.012	20.491 ± 8.011	0.006
Volume, cm³	Right	29.887 ± 16.230	28.992 ± 16.487	0.001
Volume, cm³	Left	27.127 ± 15.111	26.533 ± 14.760	0.002

^aWith respect to the corner of the mouth.

SD, standard deviation.