Table 7.
Comparative Contribution of Agents and the Environment to Patients’ Clostridium difficile Exposures
| Intervention | Environment, % of Exposures (95% CI) | Nursing, bold>% of Exposures (95% CI) | Physicians, % of Exposures (95% CI) | Patient, % of Exposures (95% CI) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Baseline | 40.77 (40.74–40.81) | 42.79 (42.76–42.82) | 16.37 (16.35–16.40) | 0.062 (.061–.064) |
| Daily cleaning | 20.21 (20.16–20.27) | 56.13 (56.05–56.20) | 23.42 (23.36–23.49) | 0.236 (.230–.243) |
| HCW contact precautions | 40.94 (40.91–40.97) | 42.73 (42.70–42.76) | 16.27 (16.24–16.29) | 0.062 (.061–.064) |
| HCW hand hygiene | 46.39 (46.35–46.43) | 39.32 (39.28–39.36) | 14.20 (14.17–14.23) | 0.090 (.088–.093) |
| Patient hand hygiene | 41.27 (41.23–41.30) | 42.66 (42.62–42.69) | 16.02 (15.99–16.05) | 0.056 (.054–.057) |
| Patient transfer | 39.74 (39.70–39.77) | 43.57 (43.54–43.61) | 16.63 (16.60–16.65) | 0.065 (.064–.067) |
| Screening | 43.58 (43.53–43.62) | 41.66 (41.61–41.70) | 14.73 (14.70–14.77) | 0.033 (.032–.035) |
| Terminal cleaning | 34.97 (34.94–35.01) | 46.92 (46.88–46.96) | 18.03 (18.00–18.06) | 0.079 (.077–.081) |
| Visitor hand hygiene | 40.77 (40.74–40.81) | 42.78 (42.74–42.81) | 16.39 (16.36–16.41) | 0.062 (.060–.064) |
| Visitor contact precautions | 40.77 (40.74–40.81) | 42.80 (42.77–42.83) | 16.37 (16.34–16.39) | 0.062 (.060–.063) |
Abbreviations: CI, confidence interval; HCW, healthcare worker.