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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2018 Apr 6.
Published in final edited form as: CNS Spectr. 2015 Feb;20(1):39–47. doi: 10.1017/S1092852915000024

Table 2. The Relative Risk of Preelampsia for Women with Untreated Depression, Depression and Receiving Psychotherapy, Antidepressant Exposure and No Depression, Antidepressant Exposure and Depression, and Timing of Antidepressant Exposure, Among 21,589 pregnant womem in Kaiser Permanente Northern California, between 2010 and 2012.

Total n Preeclampsia n (%) cRRa 95%CI aRRb,c 95%CI cRR 95%CI aRRc 95%CI cRR 95%CI aRRc 95%CI
Antidepressant exposure and depression 1732 120 (6.9) 1.62 1.33 - 1.98 1.37 1.06-1.76 1.71 1.24 - 2.37 1.29 0.87 - 1.92 1.68 1.26 - 2.25 1.63 1.17-2.28
 First trimester user only 580 25 (4.3) 0.98 0.65 - 1.48 0.76 0.49-1.19 1.04 0.64 - 1.68 0.74 0.43 - 1.27 1.02 0.65 - 1.61 0.94 0.57-1.54
 Second trimester user ever 1152 95 (8.2) 1.96 1.57 - 2.45 1.7 1.30-2.23 2.07 1.47 - 2.91 1.6 1.06-2.41 2.03 1.50 - 2.76 2.05 1.44-2.91
Antidepressant exposure and no depression 149 4 (2.7) 0.6 0.22 - 1.63 0.53 0.19 - 1.44 0.64 0.23 - 1.78 0.49 0.17-1.42 0.62 0.23 - 1.73 0.61 0.22-1.71
 First trimester user only 91 0 (0) - - - - - - - - - - - -
 Second trimester user ever 58 4 (6.9) 1.62 0.58 - 4.47 1.34 0.48-3.79 1.71 0.60 - 4.87 1.29 0.44-3.79 1.68 0.59 - 4.74 1.56 0.54-4.55
Depression and psychotherapy 1961 83 (4.2) 0.96 0.76 - 1.22 0.8 0.61-1.04 1.02 0.72 - 1.44 0.83 0.57 - 1.22 ref ref ref ref
Untreated depression 1345 56 (4.2) 0.95 0.72 - 1.25 0.95 0.71 - 1.27 ref ref ref ref
No depression 16402 719 (4.4) ref ref ref ref
a

cRR = crude Relative Risk

b

aRR = adjusted Relative Risk

c

adjusted for Pre-pregnancy BMI, maternal age, race/ethnicity, marital status, parity, alcohol use, smoking, diabetes, other indications for antidepressant medications, other mental health diagnoses