Table 4.
Results of the hurdle negative binomial regression models.
| Variables | Model 1a (n=384,792b) | Model 2c (n=384,792b) | Model 3d (n=384,792b) | Without promotion (n=370,670b) | With promotion (n=14,122b) | ||||||
| Coefficient | P value | Coefficient | P value | Coefficient | P value | Coefficient | P value | Coefficient | P value | ||
| Independent variables | |||||||||||
|
|
Beverage | 0.05 | .94 | 0.64 | .36 | –0.23 | .12 | –0.20 | .18 | –1.38 | <.001 |
|
|
Coffee | –1.69 | <.001 | –0.69 | .003 | –0.15 | .21 | –0.10 | .40 | –1.53 | <.001 |
|
|
Sweet | 0.11 | .496 | –0.31 | .06 | –0.34 | .001 | –0.35 | .002 | –0.04 | .81 |
|
|
Dessert & bakery | –0.46 | .09 | –0.64 | .04 | –0.52 | <.001 | –0.57 | <.001 | –0.08 | .78 |
|
|
Fruits | –0.31 | .004 | –0.67 | <.001 | –0.24 | <.001 | –0.25 | <.001 | –0.07 | .48 |
|
|
Herbs & spices | 0.20 | .70 | –1.19 | <.001 | –0.60 | <.001 | –0.61 | <.001 | 0.14 | .69 |
|
|
Menthol & mint | –0.24 | .34 | –0.01 | .97 | –0.08 | .46 | –0.06 | .58 | –0.24 | .55 |
|
|
Nutty | –0.06 | .86 | 0.01 | .97 | 0.002 | .99 | –0.04 | .79 | 0.65 | .08 |
|
|
Cream | 0.16 | .38 | –0.39 | .02 | –0.15 | .27 | –0.19 | .18 | 0.52 | .007 |
|
|
Tobacco | –1.65 | <.001 | –0.94 | .06 | –0.55 | .001 | –0.54 | .001 | –0.66 | .10 |
|
|
Chocolate | –0.14 | .63 | 0.28 | .57 | 0.09 | .65 | 0.10 | .62 | 0.13 | .59 |
| Control variables | |||||||||||
|
|
Promotion |
|
|
3.42 | <.001 | 3.16 | <.001 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Posts (Coefficient x 10–4) |
|
—e | — | 3.58 | <.001 | 3.59 | <.001 | 2.10 | <.001 | |
|
|
Average share (Coefficient x 10–2) |
|
— | — | 10.17 | <.001 | .11 | <.001 | 3.20 | <.001 | |
|
|
Topic 1 |
|
|
— | — | 1.39 | <.001 | 1.19 | <.001 | 3.54 | <.001 |
|
|
Topic 2 |
|
|
— | — | 1.17 | <.001 | 0.73 | .008 | 10.26 | <.001 |
|
|
URL mention |
|
|
— | — | 0.19 | <.001 | 0.20 | <.001 | 0.01 | .89 |
|
|
Hashtag |
|
|
— | — | –0.02 | .72 | 0.005 | .94 | –0.12 | .24 |
| Intercept | –18.18 | <.001 | –16.96 | <.001 | –18.79 | <.001 | –15.38 | <.001 | –2.42 | <.001 | |
aEstimates of a specification of the initial model with only flavors as the independent variables.
bNumber of observations is defined by n.
cEstimates of flavors’ influence on information propagation modified by adding promotion only.
dEstimates of flavors’ influence on information propagation modified by additional control variables.
eVariable not used in the second "All data" model.