Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of study participants
| Fasting glucose (mg/dL) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| NFG (< 100.0 mg/dL) | IFG (100.0–125.9 mg/dL) | p value | |
| Number of subjects, n | 198,560 | 61,927 | |
| Age, years, mean (SD) | 53.5 (8.6) | 54.7 (8.9) | |
| 40–49, % | 41.6 | 35.8 | < 0.001 |
| 50–59, % | 34.8 | 35.9 | |
| 60–69, % | 17.5 | 20.9 | |
| ≥ 70, % | 6.1 | 7.4 | |
| Sex, % | |||
| Men | 55.3 | 64.6 | |
| Women | 44.7 | 35.4 | |
| Socioeconomic status, % | |||
| Low | 34.2 | 35.4 | < 0.001 |
| High | 65.5 | 64.2 | |
| BMI, kg/m2, mean (SD) | 23.7 (2.8) | 24.2 (2.9) | |
| <18.5, % | 2.5 | 1.9 | < 0.001 |
| 18.5-22.9, % | 39.2 | 32.8 | |
| 23-24.9, % | 27.8 | 28.3 | |
| ≥25, % | 30.5 | 37.0 | |
| Smoking status, % | |||
| Never smoker | 66.2 | 61.4 | < 0.001 |
| Ever smoker | 29.8 | 34.6 | |
| Alcohol consumption, per week, % | |||
| < 3 times | 88.9 | 84.9 | < 0.001 |
| ≥ 3 times | 9.5 | 13.6 | |
| Physical activity, per week, % | |||
| < 3 times | 76.2 | 75.9 | 0.092 |
| ≥ 3 times | 21.6 | 22.0 | |
| CCI, % | |||
| 0 | 36.5 | 36.8 | < 0.001 |
| 1–2 | 50.9 | 49.5 | |
| ≥ 3 | 12.6 | 13.7 | |
| Systolic BP, mmHg, mean (SD) | 124.6 (16.7) | 128.1 (17.1) | < 0.001 |
| Diastolic BP, mmHg, mean (SD) | 78.3 (11.0) | 80.3 (11.1) | < 0.001 |
| Total cholesterol, mg/dL, mean (SD) | 197.3 (36.0) | 200.1 (37.1) | <0.001 |
SD standard deviation, NGT normal glucose tolerance, IFG Impaired fasting glucose, BMI body mass index, CCI Charlson comorbidity index, BP blood pressure
Participants were classified as underweight, normal weight, overweight, and obese based on the Asian criteria