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. 2018 Apr 7;24(13):1419–1428. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v24.i13.1419

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©The Author(s) 2018. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved.

This article is an open-access article which was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial.

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Representative endoscopic findings of negative-high titer antibody cases. A case with Helicobacter pylori infection; 81-year-old woman with antibody titer of 4.7 U/mL, UBT of 7.3 per mil, and Kyoto classification score of 5 (A-C). A: Greater curvature of the body of the stomach. Enlarged folds and redness are present; B: Lower body of the stomach. Endoscopic atrophic border lies in the anterior wall and greater curvature. Redness is present in the greater curvature; C: Antrum. Intestinal metaplasia is present in the lesser curvature. The mucosa is atrophic. A case without H. pylori infection; 31-year-old man with antibody titer of 5.7 U/mL, UBT of 1.2 per mil, and Kyoto classification score of 0 (D-F); D: The greater curvature of the body of the stomach. Regular arrangement of collecting venules and fundic gland polyps are present; E: Lower body of the stomach. Atrophy and redness are absent; F: Antrum. Intestinal metaplasia and atrophy are absent. UBT: Urea breath test.