Table 1.

Circular RNAs function as ceRNAs to regulate and control human cancer progression

Circular RNA	Biological functions	miRNA	Downstream pathways	Tumor types	The expression level	References
CDR1as	proliferation\invasion\ migration\biomarkers	miR-7	EGFR, IGF-IR/PTEN/PI3K/AKT	colon cancer HCC/GC	up	[23, 24]
cir-ITCH	proliferation	miR-7 /miR-214	ITCH(Wnt/β-catenin)	lung cancer	down	[26]
circMTO1	proliferation\biomarkers	miR-9	p21	HCC	down	[35]
hsa_circ_0013958	proliferation\biomarkers	miR-134	cyclin D1	lung adenocarcinoma	up	[36]
circRNA_100290	proliferation	miR-29b	CDK6	OSCC	up	[37]
circTCF25	proliferation	miR-103a-3p /miR-107	CDK6	bladder cancer	up	[38]
circPVT1	proliferation\biomarkers	miR-125	E2F2	GC	up	[40]
hsa_circ_001569	proliferation	miR-145	E2F5	colon cancer	up	[41]
circHIPK3	apoptosis	miR-124	IL6R, DLX2	HCC	up	[42]
circUBAP2	apoptosis\biomarkers	miR-143	Bcl-2	myeloma	up	[50]
hsa_circ_0001982	apoptosis\biomarkers	miR-143	Bcl-2	breast cancer	up	[51]
circCCDC66	apoptosis	miRNA-33b /miR-93	MYC	colon cancer	up	[52]
circ_0009910	apoptosis\biomarkers	miR-449a	IL6R	osteosarcoma	up	[53]
circGFRA1	apoptosis\biomarkers	miR-34a	GFRA1	TNBC	up	[55]
hsa_circ_0005986	Invasion/ migration	miR-129-5p	Notch1 mRNA	HCC	down	[60]
circRNA-MYLK	Invasion/ migration	miR-29a	VEGFA	bladder cancer	up	[62]
circ-TTBK2	Invasion/ migration	miR-217	HNF-1β	glioma	up	[63]
circular RNA SRY	Invasion/ migration	miR-138	RhoC	bile duct	up	[2]
circ-0016347	Invasion/ migration	miR-214	caspase-1	osteosarcoma	up	[70]
hsa_circ_0005075	clinical diagnosis biomarkers			HCC	up	[72]