Table 2. Healthcare Expenditure in BRIC Nations, 2014-2016 .

	Brazil	Russian Federation	India	China
GDP per capita in PPPa	16096	24805	5855	12880
GNI per capitab	14810	22540	6490	15500
Human development indexc	0.754	0.804	0.624	0.738
Gini indexd	51.3	37.7	35.2	42.2
Public expenditure on health (% of GDP)e	3.8	3.7	1.4	3.1
Private expenditure on health (% of GDP)e	4.5	2.4	3.4	2.5
Total expenditure on health (% of GDP)e	8.3	6.1	4.8	5.6
OOP health expenditure (% of private health expenditure)e	47.2	88	95.9	72.3
OOP health expenditure (% of total healthcare expenditure)e	25.5	45.8	65.6	34.6
OOP health expenditure per capita in PPPf	$343	$506	$90	$165

Abbreviations: OOP, Out-of-pocket; PPP, purchasing power parity; GDP, gross domestic product; BRIC, Brazil, Russia, India, and China; GNI, Gross national income.

^a World Economic Outlook Database, International Monetary Fund (2014).

^b The World Bank (2016).

^c HDI is a composite statistic (composite index) of life expectancy, education, and per capita income indicators, Human Development Report UNDP. (2015)

^d GINI index of 0 represents perfect equality while an index of 100 implies perfect inequality. World Bank. (Brazil and Russia-2015 China-2012 India-2011)

^e The World Bank (2014).

^f Reference 11.