Table 1.
Major types of anthocyanins, which are presented in various berries (Lee et al., 2015; Nayak et al., 2015; Wang et al., 2015; Kristo et al., 2016; Kšonžeková et al., 2016; Samoticha et al., 2017; modified).
| Berries | Type of anthocyanins | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pelargonidin | Cyanidin | Delphinidin | Peonidin | Malvidin | Petunidin | |
| Aronia berries (Aronia melanocarpa) | + (major – cyaniding 3-galactoside, cyaniding 3-arabinoside; minor – cyaniding 3-glucoside; cyaniding 3-xyloside) | |||||
| Bilberries (Vaccinium myritillus) | + (major – cyanidin-3-galactoside; minor – cyanidin glucoside; cyanidin arabinoside) | + (minor – delphinidin arabinoside; delphinodin galactoside; delphinidin glucoside) | + (minor – peonidin glucoside) | + (minor – malvidin galactoside; malvidin arabinoside) | + (minor – petunidin glucoside) | |
| Blackcurrants (Ribes nigrum) | + (major – cyaniding 3-rutinoside; minor – cyanidin 3-glucoside) | + (major – delphinidin 3-glucoside, delphinidin 3-rutinoside) | ||||
| Blackberries (Rubus fruticosus) | + (major – cyanidin-3-glucoside; minor – cyanidin-3-rutinoside, cyanidin-3-dioxalylglucoside, cyanidin-3-xyloside; cyanidin-3-malonylglucoside) | |||||
| Blueberries (Vaccinium corymbosum) | + (major – cyaniding 3-galactoside; minor – cyaniding 3-glucoside, cyaniding 3-arabinoside) | + (major – delphinidin 3-galactoside, delphinidin 3-arabinoside; minor – delphinidin 3-glucoside) | + (minor – peonidin 3-galactoside, peonidin 3-arabinoside) | + (major – malvidin 3-galactoside, malvidin 3-arabinoside; minor – malvidin 3-glucoside) | + (major – petunidin 3-galactoside, petunidin 3-arabinoside; minor – petunidin 3-glucoside) | |
| Cranberries (Vaccinium macrocarpon) | + (major – cyanidin 3-galactoside, cyanidin 3-arabinoside) | + (major – peonidin 3-galactoside, peonidin 3-arabinoside) | ||||
| Elderberries (Sambucus nigra) | + (major – cyanidin-3-sambubioside; minor-cyanidin-3-glucoside, cyanidin 3,5-diglucoside, cyanidin-3-sambubioside-5-glucoside) | |||||
| Grapes (Vitis) | + | + | + | + | + | + |
| Raspberries (Rubus idaeus) | + | |||||
| Strawberries (Fragaria annassa) | + (major – pelargonidin-3-glucoseide) | + (minor – cyanidin-3-glucoside) | ||||