Table 2.
Shared and unique helminths species and liability indices for the pairs of ruminant species included in the present study.
| Shared | Shared G | Shared S | S, no clear attribution | Unique | Unique G | Unique S | Unique, no clear attribution | D | Ratio shared G:S | Ratio shared S:G | L | L* | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cattle–sheep | 19 | 18 | 0 | 1 | 7 | 4 | 0 | 3 | 26 | 1 | 0 | 0.46 | 1 |
| Cattle–mouflon | 16 | 16 | 0 | 0 | 10 | 6 | 0 | 4 | 26 | 1 | 0 | 0.23 | 1 |
| Cattle–ibex | 14 | 14 | 0 | 0 | 12 | 8 | 0 | 4 | 26 | 1 | 0 | 0.08 | 1 |
| Cattle–goat | 13 | 13 | 0 | 0 | 13 | 9 | 0 | 4 | 26 | 1 | 0 | 0.00 | 1 |
| Cattle–chamois | 19 | 18 | 0 | 1 | 7 | 4 | 0 | 3 | 26 | 1 | 0 | 0.46 | 1 |
| Cattle–roe deer | 22 | 21 | 0 | 1 | 4 | 1 | 0 | 3 | 26 | 1 | 0 | 0.69 | 1 |
| Cattle–fallow deer | 13 | 13 | 0 | 0 | 13 | 9 | 0 | 4 | 26 | 1 | 0 | 0.00 | 1 |
| Cattle–red deer | 19 | 19 | 0 | 0 | 7 | 3 | 0 | 4 | 26 | 1 | 0 | 0.46 | 1 |
| Cattle–sika deer | 11 | 11 | 0 | 0 | 15 | 11 | 0 | 4 | 26 | 1 | 0 | −0.15 | NA |
| Sheep–cattle | 19 | 18 | 0 | 1 | 21 | 10 | 6 | 5 | 40 | 1 | 0 | −0.05 | NA |
| Sheep–mouflon | 27 | 22 | 5 | 0 | 13 | 6 | 1 | 6 | 40 | 0.85 | 0.15 | 0.35 | 1 |
| Sheep–ibex | 28 | 23 | 4 | 1 | 12 | 5 | 2 | 5 | 40 | 0.88 | 0.13 | 0.40 | 1 |
| Sheep–goat | 22 | 17 | 5 | 0 | 18 | 11 | 1 | 6 | 40 | 0.85 | 0.15 | 0.10 | 1 |
| Sheep–chamois | 31 | 26 | 4 | 1 | 9 | 2 | 2 | 5 | 40 | 0.88 | 0.13 | 0.55 | 1 |
| Sheep–roe deer | 26 | 26 | 0 | 0 | 14 | 2 | 6 | 6 | 40 | 1 | 0 | 0.30 | 0.647 |
| Sheep–fallow deer | 13 | 12 | 0 | 1 | 27 | 16 | 6 | 5 | 40 | 1 | 0 | −0.35 | NA |
| Sheep–red deer | 22 | 22 | 0 | 0 | 18 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 40 | 1 | 0 | 0.10 | 0.647 |
| Sheep–sika deer | 10 | 10 | 0 | 0 | 30 | 18 | 6 | 6 | 40 | 1 | 0 | −0.50 | NA |
| Mouflon–cattle | 16 | 16 | 0 | 0 | 16 | 10 | 5 | 2 | 32 | 1 | 0 | 0.00 | NA |
| Mouflon–sheep | 27 | 22 | 5 | 0 | 5 | 4 | 0 | 2 | 32 | 0.84 | 0.16 | 0.69 | 1 |
| Mouflon–ibex | 23 | 20 | 3 | 0 | 9 | 6 | 1 | 3 | 32 | 0.9 | 0.1 | 0.44 | 1 |
| Mouflon–goat | 21 | 17 | 4 | 0 | 11 | 9 | 1 | 2 | 32 | 0.87 | 0.13 | 0.31 | 1 |
| Mouflon–chamois | 27 | 24 | 3 | 0 | 5 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 32 | 0.9 | 0.1 | 0.69 | 1 |
| Mouflon–roe deer | 26 | 26 | 0 | 1 | 6 | 0 | 5 | 1 | 32 | 1 | 0 | 0.63 | 0.677 |
| Mouflon–fallow deer | 14 | 14 | 0 | 0 | 18 | 12 | 5 | 2 | 32 | 1 | 0 | −0.13 | NA |
| Mouflon–red deer | 22 | 21 | 0 | 1 | 10 | 5 | 5 | 1 | 32 | 1 | 0 | 0.38 | 0.677 |
| Mouflon–sika deer | 11 | 11 | 0 | 0 | 21 | 15 | 5 | 2 | 32 | 1 | 0 | −0.31 | NA |
| Ibex–cattle | 14 | 14 | 0 | 0 | 19 | 9 | 4 | 6 | 33 | 1 | 0 | −0.15 | NA |
| Ibex–sheep | 28 | 23 | 4 | 1 | 5 | 0 | 0 | 5 | 33 | 0.85 | 0.15 | 0.70 | 1 |
| Ibex–mouflon | 23 | 20 | 3 | 0 | 10 | 3 | 1 | 6 | 33 | 0.88 | 0.12 | 0.39 | 1 |
| Ibex–goat | 18 | 15 | 3 | 0 | 15 | 8 | 1 | 6 | 33 | 0.88 | 0.12 | 0.09 | 1 |
| Ibex–chamois | 32 | 23 | 3 | 6 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 33 | 0.88 | 0.12 | 0.94 | 1 |
| Ibex–roe deer | 23 | 23 | 0 | 0 | 10 | 0 | 4 | 6 | 33 | 1 | 0 | 0.39 | 0.704 |
| Ibex–fallow deer | 11 | 11 | 0 | 0 | 22 | 12 | 4 | 6 | 33 | 1 | 0 | −0.33 | NA |
| Ibex–red deer | 18 | 18 | 0 | 0 | 15 | 5 | 4 | 6 | 33 | 1 | 0 | 0.09 | 0.704 |
| Ibex–sika deer | 8 | 8 | 0 | 0 | 25 | 15 | 4 | 6 | 33 | 1 | 0 | −0.52 | NA |
| Goat–cattle | 13 | 13 | 0 | 0 | 9 | 4 | 5 | 0 | 22 | 1 | 0 | 0.18 | 0.545 |
| Goat–sheep | 22 | 17 | 5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 22 | 0.77 | 0.23 | 1.00 | 1 |
| Goat–mouflon | 21 | 17 | 4 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 22 | 0.81 | 0.19 | 0.91 | 1 |
| Goat–ibex | 18 | 15 | 3 | 0 | 4 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 22 | 0.85 | 0.15 | 0.64 | 1 |
| Goat–chamois | 20 | 17 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 22 | 0.94 | 0.06 | 0.82 | 1 |
| Goat–roe deer | 17 | 17 | 0 | 0 | 5 | 0 | 5 | 0 | 22 | 1 | 0 | 0.55 | 0.545 |
| Goat–fallow deer | 9 | 9 | 0 | 0 | 13 | 8 | 5 | 0 | 22 | 1 | 0 | −0.18 | NA |
| Goat–red deer | 14 | 14 | 0 | 0 | 8 | 3 | 5 | 0 | 22 | 1 | 0 | 0.27 | 0.545 |
| Goat–sika deer | 5 | 5 | 0 | 0 | 17 | 12 | 5 | 0 | 22 | 1 | 0 | −0.55 | NA |
| Chamois–cattle | 19 | 18 | 0 | 1 | 25 | 13 | 4 | 8 | 44 | 1 | 0 | −0.14 | NA |
| Chamois–sheep | 31 | 26 | 4 | 1 | 13 | 5 | 0 | 8 | 44 | 0.89 | 0.11 | 0.41 | 1 |
| Chamois–mouflon | 27 | 24 | 3 | 0 | 17 | 7 | 1 | 9 | 44 | 0.91 | 0.09 | 0.23 | 1 |
| Chamois–ibex | 32 | 23 | 3 | 6 | 12 | 8 | 1 | 3 | 44 | 0.91 | 0.09 | 0.45 | 1 |
| Chamois–goat | 20 | 17 | 3 | 0 | 24 | 14 | 1 | 9 | 44 | 0.91 | 0.09 | −0.09 | NA |
| Chamois–roe deer | 30 | 30 | 0 | 0 | 14 | 1 | 4 | 9 | 44 | 1 | 0 | 0.36 | 0.771 |
| Chamois–fallow deer | 14 | 14 | 0 | 0 | 30 | 17 | 4 | 9 | 44 | 1 | 0 | −0.36 | NA |
| Chamois–red deer | 24 | 24 | 0 | 0 | 20 | 7 | 4 | 9 | 44 | 1 | 0 | 0.09 | 0.771 |
| Chamois–sika deer | 11 | 11 | 0 | 0 | 33 | 20 | 4 | 9 | 44 | 1 | 0 | −0.50 | NA |
| Roe deer–cattle | 22 | 21 | 0 | 1 | 23 | 15 | 4 | 6 | 45 | 1 | 0 | −0.02 | NA |
| Roe deer–sheep | 26 | 26 | 0 | 0 | 19 | 10 | 4 | 7 | 45 | 1 | 0 | 0.16 | 0.8 |
| Roe deer–mouflon | 26 | 26 | 0 | 1 | 19 | 10 | 4 | 6 | 45 | 1 | 0 | 0.16 | 0.8 |
| Roe deer–ibex | 23 | 23 | 0 | 0 | 22 | 13 | 4 | 7 | 45 | 1 | 0 | 0.02 | NA |
| Roe deer–goat | 17 | 17 | 0 | 0 | 28 | 19 | 4 | 7 | 45 | 1 | 0 | −0.24 | NA |
| Roe deer–chamois | 30 | 30 | 0 | 0 | 15 | 6 | 4 | 7 | 45 | 1 | 0 | 0.33 | 0.8 |
| Roe deer–fallow deer | 21 | 18 | 3 | 0 | 24 | 18 | 0 | 8 | 45 | 0.92 | 0.08 | −0.07 | NA |
| Roe deer–red deer | 34 | 29 | 4 | 1 | 11 | 7 | 1 | 5 | 45 | 0.9 | 0.1 | 0.51 | 0.951 |
| Roe deer–sika deer | 20 | 16 | 4 | 0 | 25 | 20 | 0 | 7 | 45 | 0.9 | 0.1 | −0.11 | NA |
| Fallow deer–cattle | 13 | 13 | 0 | 0 | 12 | 5 | 5 | 4 | 25 | 1 | 0 | 0.04 | NA |
| Fallow deer–sheep | 13 | 12 | 0 | 1 | 12 | 6 | 5 | 3 | 25 | 1 | 0 | 0.04 | NA |
| Fallow deer–mouflon | 14 | 14 | 0 | 0 | 11 | 4 | 5 | 4 | 25 | 1 | 0 | 0.12 | 0.565 |
| Fallow deer–ibex | 11 | 11 | 0 | 0 | 14 | 7 | 5 | 4 | 25 | 1 | 0 | −0.12 | NA |
| Fallow deer–goat | 9 | 9 | 0 | 0 | 16 | 9 | 5 | 4 | 25 | 1 | 0 | −0.28 | NA |
| Fallow deer–chamois | 14 | 14 | 0 | 0 | 11 | 4 | 5 | 4 | 25 | 1 | 0 | 0.12 | 0.565 |
| Fallow deer–roe deer | 25 | 18 | 3 | 6 | 0 | 0 | 1 | −1 | 25 | 0.86 | 0.14 | 1.00 | 0.909 |
| Fallow deer–red deer | 22 | 18 | 4 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 1 | 4 | 25 | 0.82 | 0.18 | 0.76 | 1 |
| Fallow deer–sika deer | 16 | 12 | 4 | 0 | 9 | 6 | 0 | 5 | 25 | 0.82 | 0.18 | 0.28 | 1 |
| Red deer–cattle | 19 | 19 | 0 | 0 | 20 | 12 | 4 | 4 | 39 | 1 | 0 | −0.03 | NA |
| Red deer–sheep | 22 | 22 | 0 | 0 | 17 | 9 | 4 | 4 | 39 | 1 | 0 | 0.13 | 0.771 |
| Red deer–mouflon | 22 | 21 | 0 | 1 | 17 | 10 | 4 | 3 | 39 | 1 | 0 | 0.13 | 0.771 |
| Red deer–ibex | 18 | 18 | 0 | 0 | 21 | 13 | 4 | 4 | 39 | 1 | 0 | −0.08 | NA |
| Red deer–goat | 14 | 14 | 0 | 0 | 25 | 17 | 4 | 4 | 39 | 1 | 0 | −0.28 | NA |
| Red deer–chamois | 24 | 24 | 0 | 0 | 15 | 7 | 4 | 4 | 39 | 1 | 0 | 0.23 | 0.771 |
| Red deer–roe deer | 34 | 29 | 3 | 2 | 5 | 2 | 1 | 2 | 39 | 0.91 | 0.09 | 0.74 | 0.943 |
| Red deer–fallow deer | 22 | 17 | 5 | 0 | 17 | 13 | 0 | 4 | 39 | 0.86 | 0.14 | 0.13 | 1 |
| Red deer–sika deer | 20 | 15 | 4 | 1 | 19 | 16 | 0 | 3 | 39 | 0.89 | 0.11 | 0.03 | 1 |
| Sika deer–cattle | 11 | 11 | 0 | 0 | 10 | 5 | 5 | 0 | 21 | 1 | 0 | 0.05 | 0.524 |
| Sika deer–sheep | 10 | 10 | 0 | 0 | 11 | 6 | 5 | 0 | 21 | 1 | 0 | −0.05 | NA |
| Sika deer–mouflon | 11 | 11 | 0 | 0 | 10 | 5 | 5 | 0 | 21 | 1 | 0 | 0.05 | 0.524 |
| Sika deer–ibex | 8 | 8 | 0 | 0 | 13 | 8 | 5 | 0 | 21 | 1 | 0 | −0.24 | NA |
| Sika deer–goat | 5 | 5 | 0 | 0 | 16 | 11 | 5 | 0 | 21 | 1 | 0 | −0.52 | NA |
| Sika deer–chamois | 11 | 11 | 0 | 0 | 10 | 5 | 5 | 0 | 21 | 1 | 0 | 0.05 | 0.524 |
| Sika deer–roe deer | 20 | 16 | 4 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 21 | 0.8 | 0.2 | 0.90 | 1 |
| Sika deer–fallow deer | 16 | 12 | 3 | 1 | 5 | 4 | 1 | 0 | 21 | 0.84 | 0.16 | 0.52 | 1 |
| Sika deer–red deer | 20 | 15 | 5 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 21 | 0.76 | 0.24 | 0.90 | 1 |
G, generalist; S, specialist; L, liability index; L*, adapted liability index.