Table 2.
Means and standard errors of the mean of pre and post intervention measurements for each group, and Time (pre, post) × Intervention (ME, EC) statistics.
| Mindful eating (n = 35) | Educational cooking (n = 30) | p | test-statistica | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| pre | post | pre | post | |||||||
| Physical measurements | ||||||||||
| BMI (kg/m2) | 26.7 | ±0.7 | 26.9 | ±0.7 | 26.3 | ±0.7 | 25.9 | ±0.7 | 0.005 | 8.634 |
| Waist (in cm) | 90.3 | ±2.3 | 90.2 | ±2.4 | 87.9 | ±2.3 | 86.0 | ±2.4 | 0.021 | 5.565 |
| Waist-to-hip ratio | 0.85 | ±0.01 | 0.84 | ±0.01 | 0.84 | ±0.01 | 0.84 | ±0.01 | 0.738 | 0.113 |
| Self-report questionnaires | ||||||||||
| BIS | 21.0 | ±0.5 | 20.5 | ±0.5 | 20.0 | ±0.6 | 19.5 | ±0.6 | 0.978 | 0.001 |
| BAS | 41.8 | ±0.6 | 42.2 | ±0.7 | 43.7 | ±0.7 | 43.4 | ±0.8 | 0.370 | 0.814 |
| FFQ – DHD | 52.9 | ±1.8 | 54.5 | ±1.7 | 48.9 | ±2.5 | 58.8 | ±2.1 | 0.005 | 8.670 |
| FBQ – short version | ||||||||||
| Knowledge | 15.6 | ±0.2 | 15.9 | ±0.2 | 14.8 | ±0.3 | 16.7 | ±0.1 | <0.001 | 23.522 |
| Temptation | 27.9 | ±1.0 | 27.9 | ±0.9 | 27.8 | ±0.7 | 26.7 | ±0.7 | 0.241 | 1.398 |
| DEBQ | ||||||||||
| Restraint | 2.5 | ±0.2 | 2.9 | ±0.1 | 2.7 | ±0.1 | 3.0 | ±0.1 | 0.693 | 0.157 |
| Emotional | 2.6 | ±0.2 | 2.7 | ±0.1 | 2.9 | ±0.2 | 2.7 | ±0.2 | 0.218 | 1.551 |
| External | 2.8 | ±0.2 | 3.1 | ±0.1 | 3.2 | ±0.1 | 3.2 | ±0.1 | 0.116 | 2.544 |
| FFMQ-SFc | 77.3 | ±1.5 | 75.1 | ±1.3 | 76.4 | ±1.5 | 76.6 | ±1.5 | 0.517 | 0.426 |
| HADS | ||||||||||
| Anxiety | 3.9 | ±0.5 | 6.0 | ±0.4 | 5.3 | ±0.6 | 5.9 | ±0.7 | 0.050 | 3.977 |
| Depression | 2.1 | ±0.4 | 2.7 | ±0.4 | 2.7 | ±0.5 | 2.8 | ±0.5 | 0.281 | 1.180 |
| TCQd | 26.9 | ±2.0 | 27.0 | ±1.5 | 32.2 | ±0.9 | 32.4 | ±1.5 | 0.977 | 0.001 |
If not otherwise stated, values represent mean ±SEM.
BIS/BAS: Behavioral Inhibition System/Behavioral Approach System questionnaire; FFQ-DHD: Food Frequency Questionnaire, Dutch Healthy Diet; FBQ: Food Behavior Questionnaire, a shortened version; DEBQ: Dutch Eating Behaviour Questionnaire; FFMQ-SF: Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire – Short Form; HADS: Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale; TCQ: Treatment Credibility Questionnaire. Note that the pre-TCQ was filled out at the first session of the intervention, not on the pre test session, as participants were unaware of the contents of the assigned intervention at that time.
aIf not otherwise stated, the reported test-statistic is the F-value (degrees of freedom: 1,63).
bMann-Whitney U.
cFFMQ-SF: N = 54 (NME = 24, NEC = 30; degrees of freedom: 1,52).
dTCQ: N = 55 (NME = 29, NEC = 26; degrees of freedom: 1,53).