Table 1.
Demographic and Clinical Characteristics
| Normal Control Smokers (n = 19) | Schizophrenia Smokers (n = 20) | t | P | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Demographic | ||||
| Age (mean ± SD) | 31.5 ± 5.8 | 38.5 ± 10.1 | −2.6 | .01* |
| Gender (Female/Male) | 10/9 | 9//11 | χ2 = 0.2 | .63 |
| Education (y) | 14.4 ± 2.4 | 13.0 ± 2.4 | 1.8 | .08 |
| Smoking characteristics | ||||
| Baseline CO | 20.1 ± 11.4 | 29.2 ± 15.0 | −2.1 | .04* |
| Cigarettes per day | 13.1 ± 3.8 | 15.7 ± 8.0 | −1.3 | .19 |
| FTND | 5.4 ± 1.5 | 5.6 ± 1.1 | −0.4 | .68 |
| Lifetime cigarette use (pack years) | 9.2 ± 5.2 | 15.1 ± 10.8 | −2.2 | .04* |
| Symptom scales and antipsychotic medication | ||||
| SANS total score | __ | 39.7 ± 23.3 | __ | __ |
| BPRS psychosis | __ | 8.8 ± 5.9 | __ | __ |
| BPRS negative | __ | 8.1 ± 4.2 | __ | __ |
| Chlorpromazine equivalents (mg/day) | __ | 526.3 ± 479.0 | __ | __ |
| D2 receptor occupancy (%) | __ | 64.9 ± 26.4 | __ | __ |
Note: CO, carbon monoxide; FTND, Fagerstrom Test for Nicotine Dependence, SANS, Scale for Assessment of Negative Symptoms; BPRS, Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale.
*Statistically significant P < .05.