Table 1.
Baseline Patient Cohort Characteristics
| Characteristic | Total (n = 96)a |
|---|---|
| Age, median (IQR), y | 45.9 (39.2–50.1) |
| Male | 68 (71%) |
| Black | 81 (84%) |
| Index BMI, median (IQR) | 20.7 (19.2–24.1) |
| US born | 69 (72%) |
| Non-English speaker | 9 (9%) |
| History of homelessness | 48 (50%) |
| History of incarceration | 38 (40%) |
| Unemployed | 67 (70%) |
| Single | 67 (70%) |
| Insurance | |
| No insurance/Ryan White | 38 (40%) |
| Medicare/Medicaid | 23 (24%) |
| Private | 1 (1%) |
| Missing | 34 (35%) |
| Medical history | |
| Psychiatric disease | 23 (24%) |
| Previous active TB | 9 (9%) |
| History of LTBI | 18 (19%) |
| Drug use | |
| Tobacco use | 57 (59%) |
| Alcohol use | 49 (51%) |
| Illicit drug use | 37 (39%) |
| HIV presentation | |
| New HIV diagnosis | 23 (24%) |
| Known HIV prior to TB diagnosis | 73 (76%) |
| Years of known HIV, median (IQR) | 6 (2–12) |
| On ART at TB diagnosis (n = 73)b | 10 (14%) |
| Previously on ART (n = 73) | 25 (34%) |
| OI at time of TB diagnosisc | 35 (36%) |
| HIV risk factord | |
| MSM | 14 (15%) |
| Heterosexual | 64 (67%) |
| Injection drug use | 7 (7%) |
| Baseline CD4, median (IQR) | 87 (31–213) |
| CD4 < 200 | 71 (74%) |
| CD4 < 50 | 38 (40%) |
| TB presentation | |
| Isoniazid resistance | 32 (34%) |
| Multidrug resistancee | 1 (1%) |
| Extrapulmonary involvementf | 48 (50%) |
| Extrapulmonary only | 5 (5%) |
| CNS | 8 (8%) |
| Disseminated | 20 (21%) |
Abbreviations: ART, antiretroviral therapy; BMI, body mass index; CNS, central nervous system; IQR, interquartile range; LTBI, latent tuberculosis infection; MSM, men who have sex with men; OI, opportunistic infection; TB, tuberculosis.
aNinety-four unique patients.
bSuppressed HIV viral load at baseline (n = 5).
cOropharyngeal and/or esophageal candidiasis (n = 23), Pneumocystis pneumonia (n = 13), Cryptococcus (n = 5), CNS.
Toxoplasmosis (n = 2); Kaposi sarcoma, Cryptosporidiosis, and CMV retinitis (n = 1 each). Some patients had >1 OI at presentation.
dSome patients had >1 HIV risk factor.
eResistance to isoniazid and rifampin.
fLymphatic (n = 18), pleural (n = 5), genitourinary (n = 2), pericardial, soft tissue, and splenic (n = 1 each). Some patients have >1 site of extrapulmonary involvement.