Table 2.
ART Use During TB Therapy and End of TB Treatment Outcomes
| Characteristic | CD4 < 50 (n = 38) |
CD4 ≥ 50 (n = 58) |
Total (n = 96)a |
|---|---|---|---|
| Received ART during TB therapy (n = 91)b | 29 (81%) | 45 (82%) | 74 (81%) |
| TB diagnosis < March 2012 | 15 (71%) | 24 (75%) | 39 (74%) |
| TB diagnosis ≥ March 2012 | 14 (93%) | 21 (91%) | 35 (92%) |
| ART given as DOT (n = 91)b | 5 (14%) | 5 (9%) | 10 (11%) |
| Viral suppression at end of TB therapy (n = 91) b | 17 (47%) | 30 (55%) | 47 (52%) |
| Time to ART, median (IQR), dc | 59 (27–103) | 81 (46–143) | 76 (34–125) |
| Median time on ART prior to end of TB treatment (IQR), mo | 6.9 (5.0–9.2) | 6.8 (5.6–9.2) | 6.9 (5.1–9.2) |
| Guideline adherent ART (n = 76)d,e,f | 8 (24%) | 16 (37%) | 24 (32%) |
| TB diagnosis < March 2012 | 3 (14%) | 8 (33%) | 11 (24%) |
| TB diagnosis ≥ March 2012 | 5 (42%) | 8 (42%) | 13 (42%) |
| Core ART agent (n = 74)g | |||
| INSTI | 1 (3%) | 4 (9%) | 5 (7%) |
| NNRTI | 19 (66%) | 28 (62%) | 47 (64%) |
| PI | 9 (31%) | 12 (27%) | 21 (28%) |
| Otherh | 0 | 1 (2%) | 1 (1%) |
| ART backbone (n = 74)g | |||
| TDF/FTC | 25 (86%) | 41 (91%) | 66 (89%) |
| ABC/3TC | 1 (4%) | 1 (2%) | 2 (3%) |
| Otheri | 3 (10%) | 3 (7%) | 6 (8%) |
| OI during TB therapyj | 9 (25%) | 11 (20%) | 20 (21%) |
| Median length of TB treatment (IQR) (n = 71), mol | 9.6 (7.8–11.4) | 10 (9.1–10.6) | 9.9 (8.8–11.3) |
| Transferred out | 3 (8%) | 2 (3%) | 5 (5%) |
| Final outcomes (n = 91)m | |||
| Cured | 24 (68%) | 44 (78%) | 68 (75%) |
| Lost to follow-up | 1 (3%) | 2 (4%) | 3 (3%) |
| Recurrence | 2 (6%) | 1 (2%) | 3 (3%) |
| Deathn | 8 (23%) | 9 (16%) | 17 (19%) |
Abbreviations: ABC/3TC, abacavir/lamivudine; ART, antiretroviral therapy; DOT, directly observed therapy; INSTI, Integrase strand inhibitor; NNRTI, non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor; OI, opportunistic infection; PI, protease inhibitor; TB, tuberculosis; TDF/FTC, tenofovir/emtricitabine.
aNinety-four unique patients (CD4 < 50 n = 36, CD4 ≥ 50 n = 58).
bAmong patients who survived >14 days after TB diagnosis.
cAmong patients started on ART during TB therapy.
dDefined as starting ≤4 weeks for those with CD4 >50 without meningeal disease and ≤12 weeks for those with CD4 ≥50 without meningeal disease. Excluded patients who survived ≤14 days after TB diagnosis and who were already on ART at time of TB diagnosis.
eCD4 < 50 (n = 33).
fCD4 ≥ 50 (n = 43).
gAmong those who received ART during TB therapy (n = 74).
hINSTI and PI combined (n = 1).
iZidovudine/lamivudine (n = 2); zidovudine/tenofovir/emtricitabine (n = 2); zidovudine/abacavir/lamivudine (n = 1); stavudine/didanosine (n = 1).
jOropharyngeal and/or esophageal candidiasis (n = 17), Pneumocystis pneumonia (n = 5), Cryptococcus (n = 2), toxoplasmosis (n = 1).
lAmong those who completed TB therapy.
mExcludes patients transferred out.
nDeath ≤14 days after TB diagnosis (n = 5).