Table 1.
Demographic Characteristics of the Sample
| CIQ (n = 47) | DIQ (n = 100) | PIQ (n = 73) | HC (n = 168) | Comparisons | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gender (% male) | 74 | 69 | 74 | 48 | χ2(3) = 23.06, P < .001 | |
| Diagnostic distribution (% SZ) | 82 | 86 | 81 | — | χ2(2) = 0.53, P = .77 | |
| Medications (% using) | ||||||
| Anticholinergic | 13 | 8 | 1 | χ2(2) = 6.25, P = .04 | ||
| Anticonvulsant | 11 | 18 | 12 | χ2(2) = 1.83, P = .40 | ||
| Antidepressant | 32 | 35 | 33 | χ2(2) = 0.17, P = .92 | ||
| Atypical antipsychotics | 85 | 81 | 84 | χ2(2) = 0.43, P = .81 | ||
| Typical antipsychotics | 13 | 7 | 11 | χ2(2) = 1.50, P = .48 | ||
| Anxiolytic | 9 | 20 | 3 | χ2(2) = 12.69, P = .002 | ||
| Lithium | 2 | 8 | 0 | χ2(2) = 7.47, P = .02 | ||
| M (SD) | M (SD) | M (SD) | M (SD) | Comparisons | Post hoc comparisons a | |
| Age | 37.30 (8.45) | 36.05 (9.33) | 40.06 (10.97) | 39.74 (13.74) | F(3, 384) = 2.88, P = .036 | PIQ > DIQ; DIQ < HC |
| Illness duration | 13.59 (9.85) | 13.31 (7.71) | 16.25 (10.54) | - | F(2, 217) = 2.64, P = .074 | PIQ > DIQ |
| Positive symptoms—current | 2.29 (2.93) | 1.88 (2.56) | 1.30 (2.38) | F(2, 189) = 2.08, P = .13 | - | |
| Negative symptoms | 35.00 (20.53) | 24.55 (17.18) | 22.66 (14.87) | F(2, 205) = 7.89, P < .001 | CIQ > DIQ and PIQ | |
| GAF | 44.68 (11.79) | 55.13 (11.33) | 56.39 (12.50) | 84.48 (9.46) | F(3, 354) = 242.48, P < .001 | CIQ < DIQ = PIQ < HC |
Note: CIQ, compromised patients; DIQ, deteriorated patients; PIQ, putatively preserved patients.
aSignificant at P < .05.