Table 1.
Demographic and Clinical Characteristics of Participants
| CHR | First-Episode | Chronic | Statistics | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Probands (N = 51) | Controls (N = 36) | Probands (N = 80) | Controls (N = 49) | Probands (N = 50) | Controls (N = 39) | ||
| Age | 18.7 (3.5) | 20.1 (3.4) | 22.8 (3.7) | 22.7 (2.3) | 31.2 (7.1) | 32.3 (4.5) | group: F1,296 = 2.16, NS |
| phase: F1,296 = 184.37, P < .001 | |||||||
| group × phase: F1,296 = .96, NS | |||||||
| Gender (% Female) | 29.4 | 38.9 | 28.7 | 40.8 | 30.6 | 40.5 | group: = .91, NS |
| phase: = .02, NS | |||||||
| group × phase: = .04, NS | |||||||
| Parental Edu. | 12.9 (3.5) | 13.7 (2.4) | 13.9 (3.9) | 14.5 (3.1) | 14.5 (3.3) | 14.8 (3.3) | group: F1,296 = 1.85, NS |
| phase: F1,296 = 3.33, P < .05 | |||||||
| group × phase: F1,296 = .07, NS | |||||||
| GRFS | 6.1 (2.4) | 8.6 (0.7) | 3.8 (2.2) | 8.0 (1.4) | 4.6 (2.8) | 8.9 (0.8) | group: F1,217 =v142.79, P < .001 |
| phase: F1,217 = 8.89, P < .001 | |||||||
| group × phase: F1,217 = 3.56, P < .05 | |||||||
| GSFS | 6.2 (1.5) | 9.0 (0.7) | 5.3 (1.9) | 8.3 (1.3) | 6.3 (2.0) | 8.8 (1.3) | group: F1,211 = 139.54, P < .001 |
| phase: F1,211 = 5.43, P < .001 | |||||||
| group × phase: F1,211 = .37, NS | |||||||
| BPRS total | 39.8 (9.1) | 42.1 (12.1) | 41.6 (9.4) | phase: F1,162 = .71, NS | |||
| RAD | 57.1 (7.3) | 60.0 (5.0) | 47.6 (8.4) | 59.9 (5.3) | 48.6 (9.7) | 56.8 (8.2) | group: F1,273 = 59.39, P < .001 |
| phase: F1,273 = 11/80, P < .001 | |||||||
| group × phase: F1,273 = 9.89, P < .001 | |||||||
| MSCEIT | |||||||
| B1 | 109.5 (11.5) | 115.7 (12.5) | 99.8 (17.1) | 112.1 (12.8) | 98.1 (15.1) | 108.2 (15.5) | group: F1,260 = 20.97, P < .001 |
| phase: F1,260 = 6.97, P < .01 | |||||||
| group × phase: F1,260 = 1.23, NS | |||||||
| B2 | 99.5 (12.4) | 106.3 (10.7) | 89.1 (16.5) | 105.9 (11.5) | 93.3 (18.8) | 105.9 (11.3) | group: F1,265 = 37.84, P < .001 |
| phase: F1,265 = 4.61, P < .05 | |||||||
| group × phase: F1,265 = 2.77, NS | |||||||
| B3 | 92.9 (11.7) | 99.7 (10.4) | 82.0 (14.7) | 98.6 (9.2) | 84.2 (14.1) | 100.2 (11.7) | group: F1,264 = 65.18, P < .001 |
| phase: F2,264 = 7.11, P < .01 | |||||||
| group × phase: F2,264 = 3.26, P < .001 | |||||||
| B4 | 83.6 (11.0) | 96.6 (7.5) | 88.5 (9.0) | 100.5 (8.5) | group: F1,193 = 78.18, P < .001 | ||
| phase: F1,193 = 3.01, NS | |||||||
| group × phase: F1,193 = .17, NS | |||||||
| Total | 85.0 (15.4) | 104.9 (10.1) | 88.1 (15.5) | 105.7 (12.8) | group: F1,193 = 80.89, P < .001 | ||
| phase: F1,193 = .18, NS | |||||||
| group × phase: F1,193 =. 38, NS | |||||||
| MCCB | |||||||
| SOP | 44.4 (14.6) | 51.0 (901) | 32.1 (14.3) | 47.7 (8.7) | 36.5 (11.4) | 52.1 (10.8) | group: F1,248 = 47.13, P < .001 |
| phase: F2,248 = 49.42, P < .001 | |||||||
| group × phase: F2,248 = 3.37, P < .05 | |||||||
| AV | 40.7 (9.1) | 46.1 (10.5) | 33.9 (10.9) | 48.3 (9.1) | 41.0 (11.3) | 55.2 (8.7) | group: F1,244 = 81.14, P < .001phase: F2,244 = 1.75, NSgroup × phase: F2,244 = 4.88, P < .01 |
| WM | 45.1 (10.1) | 49.2 (8.8) | 38.7 (11.4) | 50.0 (9.8) | 41.1 (13.6) | 50.1 (13.5) | group: F1,248 = 29.65, P < .001 |
| phase: F2,248 = 1.38, NS | |||||||
| group × phase: F2,248 = 1.35, NS | |||||||
| Vrbl Lrng | 45.6 (9.7) | 46.4 (9.0) | 37.9 (9.5) | 49.2 (9.1) | 41.1 (11.8) | 52.3 (10.7) | group: F1,248 = 31.64, P < .001 |
| phase: F2,248 = 1.35, NS | |||||||
| group × phase: F2,248 = 6.85, P < .01 | |||||||
| Vis Lrng | 42.5 (11.9) | 47.5 (8.1) | 34.6 (10.7) | 45.4 (9.1) | 34.7 (13.5) | 44.1 (13.4) | group: F1,248 = 28.73, P < .001 |
| phase: F2,248 = 4.57, P < .05 | |||||||
| group × phase: F2,248 = 1.47, NS | |||||||
| RPS | 45.7 (10.3) | 46.5 (11.9) | 40.1 (9.5) | 47.6 (9.1) | 44.4 (101) | 47.0 (11.1) | group: F1,248 = 6.90, P < .01 |
| phase: F2,248 = 1.82, NS | |||||||
| group × phase: F2,248 = 2.22, NS | |||||||
| Neurocognitive composite | 41.0 (12.5) | 46.6 (10.1) | 29.7 (12.8) | 47.1 (9.0) | 34.6 (13.7) | 50.0 (13.8) | group: F1,244 = 56.51, P < .001 |
| phase: F2,244 = 4.44, P < .05 | |||||||
| group × phase: F2,244 = 3.92, P < .05 | |||||||
Note: GRFS, the Global Functioning Role Scale; GFSS, the Global Functioning Social Scale; BPRS, the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale -24 item; RAD, Relationship Across Domains; MSCEIT, Mayer-Salovey-Caruso Emotional Intelligence Test 2.0; MCCB, MATRICS Consensus Cognitive Battery; SOP, Speed of Processing; AV, Attention/Vigilance; WM, Working Memory; Vrbl Lrng, Verbal Learning/Memory; Vis Lrng, Visual Learning/Memory; RPS, reasoning/problem solving. Values are given as mean (SD).