Table 1.
Ingredients and chemical composition of starter (S1: 0 to 5 d; S2: 6 to 9 d in Exp1 and Exp2) and grower diets of Exp1 (%, as-fed basis).1
| S1 | S2 | G1- | G1+ | G2- | G2+ | G3- | G3+ | G4- | G4+ | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ingredients | ||||||||||
| Corn | 58.7 | 56.7 | 56.0 | 55.0 | 54.2 | 53.2 | 55.2 | 54.2 | 56.2 | 55.2 |
| Soybean meal | 34.5 | 30.8 | 25.2 | 25.2 | 26.8 | 26.8 | 25.1 | 25.1 | 23.4 | 23.4 |
| Rapeseed meal | 2.5 | 8.0 | 12.0 | 12.0 | ||||||
| Dehulled rapeseed meal | 8.4 | 8.4 | 8.4 | 8.4 | 8.4 | 8.4 | ||||
| Defatted rapeseed hull | 3.6 | 3.6 | 7.2 | 7.2 | ||||||
| Cornstarch | 3.6 | 3.6 | 7.2 | 7.2 | 3.6 | 3.6 | ||||
| Soybean oil | 0.50 | 1.20 | 1.10 | 1.10 | 1.20 | 1.20 | 1.90 | 1.90 | 2.70 | 2.70 |
| Salt | 0.32 | 0.31 | 0.31 | 0.31 | 0.31 | 0.31 | 0.31 | 0.31 | 0.31 | 0.31 |
| Dicalcium phosphate | 2.06 | 1.70 | 0.50 | 0.50 | 0.61 | 0.61 | 0.63 | 0.63 | 0.64 | 0.64 |
| Sodium bicarbonate | 0.05 | 0.05 | 0.05 | 0.05 | 0.05 | 0.07 | 0.05 | 0.05 | 0.05 | 0.05 |
| Calcium carbonate | 0.65 | 0.55 | 0.28 | 0.28 | 0.28 | 0.28 | 0.16 | 0.16 | 0.05 | 0.05 |
| DL-methionine | 0.24 | 0.22 | 0.19 | 0.19 | 0.20 | 0.20 | 0.20 | 0.20 | 0.20 | 0.20 |
| L-lysine | 0.07 | 0.09 | 0.11 | 0.11 | 0.10 | 0.10 | 0.13 | 0.13 | 0.15 | 0.15 |
| Phytase2 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||||||
| Nutritional characteristics, % | ||||||||||
| Dry matter3 | 89.8 | 89.2 | 89.7 | 88.8 | 89.4 | 89.6 | 89.9 | 89.6 | 89.6 | 89.4 |
| Phytase, FTU/kg3 | <100 (0) | <100 (0) | <100 (0) | 1060 (750) | <100 (0) | 920 (750) | <100 (0) | 810 (750) | <100 (0) | 1000 (750) |
| Protein3 | 21.5 (21.5) | 21.3 (21.5) | 19.5 (20.0) | 20.2 (20.0) | 20.0 (20.0) | 20.0 (20.0) | 19.9 (20.0) | 20.1 (20.0) | 19.3 (20.0) | 19.9 (20.0) |
| Fat3 | 3.1 (3.2) | 3.3 (3.8) | 4.7 (4.1) | 5.0 (4.1) | 4.4 (3.8) | 4.0 (3.8) | 4.5 (4.5) | 4.8 (4.5) | 5.7 (5.2) | 5.5 (5.2) |
| Total phosphorus3 | 0.87 (0.77) | 0.80 (0.74) | 0.52 (0.54) | 0.53 (0.54) | 0.54 (0.56) | 0.57 (0.56) | 0.56 (0.55) | 0.58 (0.55) | 0.53 (0.54) | 0.59 (0.54) |
| NPP4 | 0.50 | 0.45 | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.25 |
| Calcium3 | 1.12 (1.05) | 0.99 (0.95) | 0.55 (0.53) | 0.55 (0.53) | 0.56 (0.53) | 0.57 (0.53) | 0.57 (0.53) | 0.58 (0.53) | 0.57 (0.53) | 0.58 (0.53) |
| Ca: NPP4,5 | 2.1 | 2.1 | 2.1 | 2.1 | 2.1 | 2.1 | 2.1 | 2.1 | 2.1 | 2.1 |
| Crude fiber3 | 3.5 (3.5) | 4.0 (4.0) | 4.6 (4.6) | 3.2 (4.6) | 3.1 (3.4) | 2.9 (3.4) | 3.9 (4.5) | 4.1 (4.5) | 5.2 (5.3) | 4.6 (5.3) |
| NDF3,5 | 11.6 (11.1) | 10.8 (11.9) | 11.8 (12.9) | 12.8 (12.9) | 10.1 (10.8) | 11.0 (10.8) | 12.9 (12.8) | 13.8 (12.8) | 14.4 (14.8) | 13.9 (14.8) |
| ADF3,5 | 4.9 (5.1) | 5.6 (5.8) | 5.9 (6.4) | 6.7 (6.4) | 5.0 (5.3) | 4.9 (5.3) | 6.6 (6.9) | 6.5 (6.9) | 7.7 (8.5) | 7.7 (8.5) |
| ADL3,5 | 0.6 (0.8) | 0.8 (1.2) | 1.0 (1.6) | 1.1 (1.6) | <0.5 (1.1) | 0.6 (1.1) | 1.2 (2.0) | 1.2 (2.0) | 2.0 (3.0) | 1.9 (3.0) |
| Metabolized energy, kcal/kg4 | 2923 | 2930 | 3001 | 3001 | 3014 | 3014 | 2994 | 2994 | 2979 | 2979 |
1Premix (0.40%) was added to all diets: 10,000 IU vitamin A (retinol); 4,000 UI vitamin D3 (cholecalciferol); 80 mg vitamin E (tocopherol); 4 mg vitamin K3 (menadione); 4 mg vitamin B1 (thiamine); 6 mg vitamin B2 (riboflavin); 80 mg vitamin B3 (PP, niacin); 20 mg vitamin B5 (Ca panthotenate); 6 mg vitamin B6 (pyridoxine); 0.2 mg vitamin B8 (biotin, H); 2 mg vitamin B9 (folic acid); 0.02 mg vitamin B12 (cyanocobalamin); 440 mg choline; 40 mg Fe (FeCO3); 16 mg Cu (CuSO4); 64 mg Mn (MnO); 72 mg Zn (ZnSO4); 0.4 mg Co (CoCO3); 2 mg I (Ca(IO3)2); 0.2 mg Se (Na2SeO3); 2.29 g Ca (CaCO3).
TiO2 (0.30%) was added to experimental diets, except for S1 and S2.
2Phytase from Natuphos (10.000 G) was added to the diet in a corn meal mixture (0.75% microbial phytase + 99.25% corn).
3Analysis values, according to Materials and Methods section. Calculated values are in brackets.
4Calculated values.
5NPP = non-phytate phosphorus; NDF = neutral detergent fiber; ADF = acid detergent fiber; ADL = acid detergent lignin.