Table 3.
Risk factors for CPE
| Risk factors | CPE− with risk factor | CPE− without risk factor | CPE+ with risk factor | CPE+ without risk factor | %CPE− with risk factor | %CPE+ with risk factor | P valuea | OR | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 95% CI | |||||||||
| Overnight hospital stay in the past 12 months | |||||||||
| overseas hospital (any country) | 40 | 3966 | 2 | 3 | 1.0 | 40.0 | <0.001 | 64.3 | 7.3–488.5 |
| overseas hospital (CPE risk countriesb) | 13 | 3993 | 1 | 4 | 0.4 | 20.0 | 0.002 | 57.5 | 2.3–594.6 |
| any UK hospital (including London) | 1704 | 2302 | 4 | 1 | 47.1 | 80.0 | 0.306 | — | — |
| within M25 | 1496 | 2510 | 1 | 4 | 42.4 | 20.0 | 0.574 | — | — |
| GSTT | 1253 | 2753 | 1 | 4 | 36.3 | 20.0 | 0.769 | — | — |
| North-West | 6 | 4000 | 0 | 5 | 0.2 | 0.0 | 1.000 | — | — |
| Overseas travel in the past 12 months | 1311 | 2695 | 2 | 3 | 32.5 | 40.0 | 1.000 | — | — |
| Non–UK residents | 48 | 3958 | 0 | 5 | 1.2 | 0.0 | 1.000 | — | — |
| Antibiotics in the past 6 months | |||||||||
| any | 2205 | 1801 | 5 | 0 | 56.2 | 100.0 | 0.128 | — | — |
| one course | 1192 | 2814 | 2 | 3 | 29.9 | 40.0 | 0.998 | — | — |
| more than one course | 1012 | 2994 | 3 | 2 | 26.2 | 60.0 | 0.228 | — | — |
| Risk factors excluding antibiotics | 2630 | 1376 | 5 | 0 | 67.7 | 100.0 | 0.287 | — | — |
| Any risk factor | 3295 | 711 | 5 | 0 | 83.1 | 100.0 | 0.683 | — | — |
aP values ≤0.05 are shown in bold text.
bAs defined by the PHE Toolkit.8