Table III.
Comparison of relative changes in serum cytokine concentrations at POD3 (ΔPOD3) as compared to cytokine baseline levels in rectal cancer patients without and with anastomotic leak
| Cytokines (ΔPOD3) | Without leak | With leak | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Inflammatory mediators: | |||
| IL-1β | 1.26 (0.8–1.6) | 1.48 (0.88–2.58) | 0.613M |
| IL-1ra | 1.22 (0.95–1.57) | 1.82 (0.22–15.2) | 0.596t |
| IL-6 | 3.1 (1.6–7.1) | 20.8 (7.3–22.1) | 0.019M |
| TNF-α | 1.15 (0.96–1.37) | 1.1 (0.38–3.21) | 0.864t |
| hs-CRP | 23.8 (17.4–32.5) | 87.1 (10.5–72.1) | 0.170t |
| Th1/Th2/Th9 immune response: | |||
| IL-4 | 1.05 (0.86–1.29) | 1 (0.5–2) | 0.855t |
| IL-5 | 1.26 (0.95–1.67) | 0.69 (0.14–3.48) | 0.133t |
| IL-7 | 1.26 (0.98–1.61) | 1.39 (0.25–7.87) | 0.778t |
| IL-9 | 1.16 (0.92–1.47) | 1.36 (0.36–5.09) | 0.634t |
| IL-10 | 1.41 (0.81–2.45) | 2.2 (0.29–16.6) | 0.531t |
| IL-12 (p70) | 1.42(1.13–1.97) | 1.69 (0.95–2.39) | 0.850M |
| IL-13 | 1.06 (0.84–1.34) | 0.77 (0.33–1.81) | 0.283t |
| IFN-γ | 1.01 (0.83–1.23) | 1.06 (0.31–3.58) | 0.857t |
| Chemokines: | |||
| Eotaxin-1 | 0.81 (0.70–0.93) | 0.75 (0.29–1.93) | 0.706t |
| IP-10 | 0.73 (0.54–1.01) | 1.04 (0.45–2.4) | 0.386t |
| IL-8 | 1.09 (0.73–1.71) | 4.16 (1.53–12.93) | 0.100M |
| MCP-1 | 0.97 (0.72–1.8) | 2.89 (1.69–10.56) | 0.076M |
| MIP-1α | 1.11 (0.86–1.42) | 2.09 (0.91–3.21) | 0.237M |
| MIP-1β | 0.94 (0.73–1.2) | 1.44 (0.37–5.63) | 0.212t |
| RANTES | 0.78 (0.51–1.2) | 1.04 (0.34–2.99) | 0.609t |
| Growth factors: | |||
| FGF2 | 1.03 (0.82–1.28) | 1.02 (0.14–7.21) | 0.989t |
| G-CSF | 1.11 (0.87–1.42) | 2.27 (0.51–10) | 0.046t |
| GM-CSF | 1.05 (0.89–1.22) | 1.31 (0.41–4.2) | 0.589t |
| PDGF-BB | 0.90 (0.71–1.14) | 0.77 (0.29–2.02) | 0.617t |
| VEGF-A | 1.75 (1.26–2.45) | 1.8 (0.23–13.8) | 0.958t |
t
– t-test for independent samples
M
– Mann-Whitney U test. Data presented as mean (95% CI) or median (IQR) relative changes (fold increase at a given time point as compared to cytokine preoperative level).