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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2018 Apr 9.
Published in final edited form as: Compr Physiol. 2017 Jun 18;7(3):891–944. doi: 10.1002/cphy.c160033

Figure 12.

Figure 12

CapZ dynamics at the barbed end of F-actin. (A) CapZ has two subunits: α1 and β1 each with a tentacle that binds one terminal actin. Tightly capped F-actin has a low actin off rate. (B) Following mechanical stimulation (to simulate exercise), the β tentacle undergoes a structural change via post-translation modification (PTM) including phosphorylation on serine-204 and acetylation on lysine-199. The β tentacle shifts off the terminal actin, which increases actin monomer exchange. Regulation of actin dynamics at the barbed end may also play a key role in both skeletal and cardiac hypertrophy. [Fig. modified, with permission, from (381).]