Table 1. Demographic and clinical variables for 355 patients with knee osteoarthritisa.
| Variable | Value |
|---|---|
| Age, y, mean ± standard deviation | 58.6 ± 11.8 |
| Male | 139 (39) |
| Female | 216 (61) |
| Body mass index, kg/m2, mean ± standard deviation | 31.2 ± 7.3 |
| Ethnicityb | |
| White | 191 (64.7) |
| Native American | 35 (11.9) |
| Hispanic | 30 (10.2) |
| Other | 29 (9.8) |
| Black | 10 (3.4) |
| Comorbidities/insurance/history | |
| Current smoking | 56 (15.9) |
| Alcohol use | 157 (46.6) |
| Illicit drug use | 18 (5.4) |
| Opioid-agent prescription | 75 (21.6) |
| Gabapentinoid prescription | 43 (12.4) |
| Antidepressant prescription | 84 (24.2) |
| Depression | 94 (27.1) |
| Fibromyalgia | 22 (6.4) |
| Posttraumatic stress disorder | 7 (2.0) |
| Health insurance | 318 (91.4) |
| Previous knee injection | 110 (32.3) |
| Surgery recommended by clinician | 59 (16.8) |
| Kellgren-Lawrence gradec | |
| 0 | 9 (2.8) |
| 1 | 46 (14.2) |
| 2 | 82 (25.4) |
| 3 | 110 (34.1) |
| 4 | 76 (23.5) |
Values represent number of patients (percentage of the indicated group), unless otherwise stated.
aThere were no significant differences between the groups.
bRace or ethnic group was self-reported.
cA Kellgren-Lawrence grade of 0 (no osteophytes or joint-space narrowing) indicates no osteoarthritis; a grade of 1 (questionable osteophytes), possible osteoarthritis; a grade of 2 (definite osteophytes, no joint-space narrowing), mild osteoarthritis; a grade of 3 (≤ 50% joint-space narrowing), moderate osteoarthritis; and a grade of 4 (≥ 50% join-space narrowing), severe osteoarthritis.