Table 1. Year 3 cross-sectional measurements of parasitological, demographic, anthropometric, haematological and physical parameters in schoolchildren in Kenya and Tanzania *.
| Kenya, N = 163 | Tanzania, N = 327 | P-value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| S. mansoni infected, n (%, 95% CI) | 122 (75.3, 68.6–82.0) | 103 (31.5, 26.4–36.6) | <0.0005a |
| S. mansoni infection intensity, mean epg among all investigated (95% CI) | 114.7 (89.1–140.3) | 16.2 (8.7–23.7) | <0.0005 b |
| Malaria infection, n (%, 95% CI) | 46 (28.2, 21.3–35.1) | 169 (51.7, 46.2–57.2) | <0.0005 a |
| Male, n (%, 95% CI) | 67 (41.1, 33.5–48.7) | 136 (41.6, 36.3–46.9) | 0.92 a |
| Age in years, mean (range) | 9.6 (9–11) | 9.7 (9–10) | 0.011 b |
| Weight in kg, mean (95% CI) | 27.0 (26.4–27.6) | 31.6 (31.1–32.1) | <0.0005 c |
| Height in cm, mean (95% CI) | 131.9 (130.9–132.9) | 135.5 (134.6–136.4) | <0.0005 c |
| Nutritional wasting, n (%, 95% CI) | 11 (6.9, 3.0–10.8) | 2 (0.6, 0.0–1.4) | <0.0005 a |
| Haemoglobin level in g/L, mean (95% CI) d | 104.4 (101.0–107.8) | 115.7 (113.9–117.5) | <0.0005 c |
| Anaemia, n (%, 95% CI) | 103 (64.4, 57.0–71.8) | 127 (39.1, 33.8–44.4) | <0.0005 a |
| VO2 max uptake in mL/kg/min, mean (95% CI) | 44.9 (44.3–45.5) | 47.7 (47.2–48.2) | <0.0005 c |
a Pearson Chi-square
b Mann-Whitney U test
c Student’s t-test.
d Hb values were adjusted for altitude in both countries.
* In Kenya, S. mansoni prevalence and intensity was collected from only162, anthropometry and haematology from 160 and physical fitness from 129 children. In Tanzania, anthropometry was collected for 326, haematology for 325 and physical fitness from 316 children.