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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2019 Jun 1.
Published in final edited form as: Infect Genet Evol. 2018 Feb 19;60:109–116. doi: 10.1016/j.meegid.2018.02.022

Figure 2. Current allelic diversity inferred from the VacA sequence.

Figure 2

The VacA structure comprises five regions of sequence diversity referred to as the signal (s), intermediate (i) middle (m), deletion (d), and c (c) regions. The vacuolating activity of VacA varies with different alleles. In vitro, vacA s1/m1/i1 alleles show higher levels of vacuole formation than s2/m2/i2. The functions of novel polymorphic regions c and d, as well as the i3 subtype, have not yet been studied.