Fig. 4. HCV inhibits ATM/pATM expressions via dampening PI3K pathway.

a HCV infection of Huh7.5 hepatocytes. Immunostaining of HCV core protein is positive in HCV-infected cells, but negative in HCV-uninfected cells. b ATM/pATM is inhibited in naive CD4 T cells co-cultured with Huh7.5 cells with HCV infection compared with those incubated with Huh7.5 cells without HCV infection. c HCV core protein inhibits ATM/pATM and enhances γH2AX expressions in naive CD4 T cells compared with the β-Gal control. d PI3K inhibitor (LY294002) inhibits pATM/pAKT and enhances PARP expressions in naive CD4 T cells compared with those treated with DMSO control. e PI3K inhibitor (LY294002) inhibits pATM expressions in naive CD4 T cells co-cultured with HCV^+/− Huh7.5 cells compared with the cells without inhibitor treatment. Representative flow cytometry dot plots and summary data (n=8) with P value between the groups are shown