Table 1.
Baseline characteristics disaggregated by sex (per protocol analysis population)
| Number of participants | Total | Female | Male | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total/ female |
Proportion in % | Proportion in % | Proportion in % | p-valuea | |
| Intervention group (%) | 1139/543 | 45.0 | 45.9 | 44.1 | 0.592 |
| Austrian (%) | 1136/540 | 94.5 | 95.6 | 93.6 | 0.191 |
| Living alone (%) | 1116/532 | 22.0 | 30.6 | 14.0 | < 0.001 |
| Higher education (school leaving examination or higher) (%) | 1128/538 | 8.5 | 5.4 | 11.4 | < 0.001 |
| Working fulltime (%) | 1136/541 | 14.0 | 7.0 | 20.3 | < 0.001 |
| Smoker (%) | 1139/543 | 13.8 | 10.3 | 16.9 | 0.001 |
| Any manifestation of coronary heart disease (%)c | 1139/543 | 14.7 | 10.1 | 18.8 | < 0.001 |
| Any macrovasculardiabetic complication (%)d | 1139/543 | 24.1 | 19.5 | 28.2 | 0.001 |
| Total/ female |
Mean ± SD | Mean ± SD | Mean ± SD | p-valueb | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (mean years ± SD) | 1139/543 | 65.42 ± 10.28 | 66.89 ± 10.56 | 64.07 ± 9.84 | < 0.001 |
| Duration of diabetes (mean years ± SD) |
1089/519 | 7.13 ± 6.76 | 7.34 ± 7.08 | 6.95 ± 6.46 | 0.349 |
| HbA1c (% ± SD) | 1139/543 | 7.37 ± 1.38 | 7.39 ± 1.31 | 7.35 ± 1.44 | 0.614 |
| Creatinine (µmol/l ± SD) | 1138/542 | 0.96 ± 0.36 | 0.87 ± 0.31 | 1.04 ± 0.39 | < 0.001 |
| Triglycerides (mmol/l ± SD) | 1139/543 | 181.40 ± 155.71 | 168.66 ± 117.97 | 193.00 ± 182.78 | 0.143 |
| Cholesterol (mmol/l ± SD) | 1139/543 | 195.75 ± 42.95 | 204.02 ± 43.62 | 188.21 ± 40.83 | < 0.001 |
| HDL (mmol/l ± SD) | 1137/542 | 51.25 ± 14.35 | 55.71 ± 14.62 | 47.18 ± 12.83 | < 0.001 |
| LDL (mmol/l ± SD) | 1091/530 | 110.03 ± 35.75 | 115.45 ± 37.34 | 104.91 ± 33.42 | < 0.001 |
| Systolic blood pressure (mmHg ± SD) | 1139/543 | 139.41 ± 17.78 | 140.34 ± 18.16 | 138.56 ± 17.39 | 0.092 |
| Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg ± SD) | 1139/543 | 82.22 ± 10.61 | 82.10 ± 10.87 | 82.34 ± 10.39 | 0.700 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 1139/543 | 29.99 ± 4.91 | 30.20 ± 5.30 | 29.81 ± 4.52 | 0.301 |
| EQ-VAS | 1139/543 | 71.10 ± 18.01 | 69.24 ± 18.81 | 72.80 ± 17.09 | 0.002 |
| EQ-index | 1098/519 | 0.88 ± 0.17 | 0.86 ± 0.19 | 0.90 ± 0.16 | < 0.001 |
aFisher’s exact test or Chi Square-Test, respectively
bIndependent T Test or Mann–Whitney-Test, respectively
cMyocardial infarction and/or PTCA/stenting and/or coronary bypass
dMyocardial infarction and/or PTCA/stenting and/or coronary bypass and/or stroke and/or carotid surgery and/or amputation/gangrene and/or peripheral artery bypass or PTA