Table 2.

Training and licensure information for A and B grade integrative therapies

Modality or Therapy	Training	Licensure and Regulation	Professional Societies and Organizations
Acupuncture, electro-acupuncture, and acupressure	Licensed acupuncturists generally have attended formal schools of Asian medicine and have passed national certification examinations in order to sit for state or provincial licensing exams. The Accreditation Commission for Acupuncture and Oriental Medicine (ACAOM) accredits schools of Asian medicine in the U.S. Degrees include the Masters of Acupuncture requiring a minimum of 3 years and 1900 hours of training and the Masters of Acupuncture and Oriental Medicine requiring a 3–4 year program, averaging 2,700–3,465 hours of training. Advanced degrees include Doctor of Acupuncture and Oriental Medicine (DAOM), Oriental Medicine Doctor (OMD), Doctor of Acupuncture and Chinese Medicine (DACM) and Doctor of Oriental Medicine (DOM) who provide advanced evaluations, integrative medicine as well as acupuncture and herbal therapy and can provide access to the whole breadth of Chinese medicine. Advanced degrees require a Masters level degree with additional 1000+ hours of training. The National Certification Commission for Acupuncture and Oriental Medicine (NCCAOM) offers acupuncture, herbal and Oriental medicine certifications on a national level.24	US: Acupuncture and Chinese herbology and Oriental medicine are regulated via state licensing bodies. NCCAOM reports 44 states plus the District of Columbia have acupuncture practice acts. 43 states currently require passage of NCCAOM national examinations for initial licensure. The NCCAOM certifies acupuncture, Chinese herbology and Oriental medicine. Currently, California requires passage of its own state examinations for licensure and does not accept the NCCAOM. A subset of states regulate acupressure under acupuncture or massage regulations. CANADA: Acupuncture is regulated via provincial licensing bodies in the provinces of British Columbia, Alberta Ontario, Quebec and Newfoundland. Chinese medicine is currently only regulated in British Columbia and Ontario.	The Accreditation Commission for Acupuncture and Oriental Medicine (ACAOM): http://www.acaom.org National Certification Commission for Acupuncture and Oriental Medicine (NCCAOM): http://mx.nccaom.org College of Traditional Chinese Medicine Practitioners and Acupuncturists of British Columbia (CTCMA): http://www.ctcma.bc.ca College of Traditional Chinese Medicine Practitioners and Acupuncturists of Ontario (CTCMPAO): http://www.ctcmpao.on.ca/ College and Association of Acupuncturists of Alberta (CAAA:): http://acupuncturealberta.ca/ Association of Acupuncturists of Quebec (AAQ):http://www.acupuncture-quebec.com/en/home.html Newfoundland and Labrador Council of Health Professionals (nlchp): http://www.nlchp.ca/
Hypnosis	Mental health and medical professionals typically practice hypnosis as a specialty or sub-specialty. Certified hypnotherapists, in general, hold a graduate-level or bachelor’s-level degree in a broad range of specialties including: MD, registered nurse, dentist, social worker, licensed counselor or psychologist. pastoral counselor, ordained minister, chiropractor, among many others, prior to obtaining training in hypnosis. At present, there are no accredited schools offering standard college or university degrees in hypnosis; therefore, training in one of the above professions is typically required prior to acceptance into one of many training or certification programs. These programs have a wide range of training requirements, but in general require anywhere from 50 to 200 hours of classroom and clinical training prior to certification.	US: To be certified as a clinical hypnotherapist, applicants typically require anywhere from 50 to 200 hours or training, and often years of experience. There are a number of certification programs with a range of requirements (see links). Regulations for the practice of hypnosis vary on a state-by-state basis (http://www.aihcp.org/hypnosis-regulation.htm). Typically clinical hypnotherapists must renew their certification every 2 to 4 years and have completed 20+ hours of approved training during that time. CANADA: Certification is similar to the US however requirements are much higher, between 225 and 1100 hours: https://www.archcanada.ca/ The Council of Professional Hypnosis encompasses many professional societies and organizations listed: http://www.copho.com/org.htm.	Association of Registered Clinical Hypnotherapists (ARCH): https://www.archcanada.ca/ American College of Hypnotherapy at the American Institute of Health Care Professionals: http://aihcp.net/american-college-of-hypnotherapy/ American Society of Clinical Hypnosis (ASCH): http://www.asch.net/ Hypnosis Motivation Institute (HMI): https://hypnosis.edu/ National Board for Certified Clinical Hypnotherapists (NBCCH): http://www.natboard.com The International Society of Hypnosis (ISH): http://www.ishhypnosis.org/ Society for Clinical and Experimental Hypnosis (SCEH): http://www.sceh.us/ The Milton H. Erickson Foundation: http://www.erickson-foundation.org/
Massage	Associated Bodywork and Massage Professional (ABMP) members at the certified or professional levels must possess a valid massage license from a regulated state/province/territory, have completed 500 approved educational hours, or be certified through the National Certification Board for Therapeutic Massage and Body work (NCTMB). Licensed nurse and physical therapists may qualify for membership at either the certified or professional level with a minimum of 50 hours of additional massage therapy training. Board Certification is the highest voluntary credential attainable to massage therapists and bodyworkers in the profession today. For the requirements of Board Certification, see: http://www.ncbtmb.org/board-certification.	US: Massage therapy is regulated by some U.S. states. See link for state-by-state massage licensure information. http://www.massagetherapy.com/careers/stateboards.php CANADA: Massage therapists can only be registered not licensed in Canada. Currently only four provinces regulate massage therapists: Ontario, British Columbia, New Brunswick and Newfoundland. The website for the Ontario Massage Therapists has links to the four provinces registration procedures and links to other provincial massage organizations.	American Massage Therapy Association: http://www.amtamassage.org Associated Bodywork and Massage Professionals (ABMP): www.abmp.com The National Certification Board for Therapeutic Massage and Bodywork (NCTMB): http://www.ncbtmb.org/ Society for Oncology Massage: http://www.s4om.org/ Massage Therapists’ Association of Ontario: https://secure.rmtao.com/massage_therapy/regulation_of_mt/massage_therapy_in_canada.htm
Meditation	Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction: The Centre for Mindfulness in Massachusetts provides meditation specialist training –: http://www.umassmed.edu/cfm/training/detailed-training-information/teacher-certification-review/ University of California San Diego (UCSD) Center for Mindfulness provides extensive training: http://mbpti.org/ University of Bangor in Wales awards a Masters in Mindfulness and also has a range of teacher training programs: http://www.bangor.ac.uk/mindfulness/courses.php.en Centre for Mindfulness Studies in Toronto, Canada offer one-day workshops as well as intensive professional training in Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy (MBCT). http://www.mindfulnessstudies.com/	In both the US and Canada board certification is the highest credential attainable for meditation teachers in the healthcare profession today. There is no registration or licensure currently available. Completing mindfulness teacher training courses at one of the recognized training programs, in addition to professional certification, would be the optimal level of training for providing these interventions.	American Mindfulness Research Association: https://goamra.org/
Music therapy	A professional music therapist holds a bachelor’s degree or higher in music therapy from one of over 70 American Music Therapy Association (AMTA) approved college and university programs. Music therapists who currently hold professional designation are listed on the National Music Therapy Registry (NMTR) and are qualified to practice music therapy	Music therapist is regulated by some U.S. states (e.g., North Dakota, Nevada). See link for state-by-state massage licensure information: http://www.cbmt.org/examination/state-licensure/ Currently no Canadian provinces/territories license or regulate music therapists.	The Certification Board for Music Therapists (CBMT): http://www.cbmt.org/ Canadian Association for Music Therapy (CAMT): http://www.musictherapy.ca/en/
Relaxation and Stress Management	Relaxation and stress management are usually provided by trained mental health professionals such as Registered/Chartered/Counseling Psychologists, Psychiatrists, Marital and Family Counselors or, Clinical Social Workers and Nurses. Any of these professions could have specific training in these two modalities.	Typically the aforementioned professionals would take courses in relaxation training or stress management as part of their training.	Every jurisdiction has a college of psychologists and social workers. American Psychological Association (APA): http://www.apa.org/ Canadian Psychological Association (CPA): http://www.cpa.ca
Yoga	There are very stringent criteria to be a yoga instructor and most jurisdictions have their own requirements. Most jurisdictions have criteria in place in order to become a “certified yoga instructor”. There are also requirements for specific genres of yoga such as Bikram, Iyengar, Ashtanga, restorative yoga, etc. Most states and provinces/territories have a designation as a certified yoga instructor. In the U.S. and Canada, the Yoga Alliance is the biggest body that registers teachers: https://www.yogaalliance.org/Credentialing/Credentials_for_Teachers; and https://www.yogaalliance.org/Credentialing/CredentialsforSchools; http://www.canadianyogicalliance.com	There are currently no states or Canadian provinces/territories that regulate or license yoga.	Most states and provinces have a professional association (or more than one) for certified yoga instructors.