Table 1.

Sample Characteristics at Baseline by Body Mass Index Categories, n=2,570

	Total	Normal	Overweight	Obese	p-value
N	2,570	852	1,095	623
Bone mineral density g/cm2 [mean (SD)]
Femoral Neck	0.743 (0.142)	0.683 (0.135)	0.750 (0.132)	0.814 (0.135)	<0.001
Total Hip	0.888 (0.169)	0.808 (0.160)	0.904 (0.158)	0.968 (0.153)	<0.001
Whole Body	1.090 (0.141)	1.058 (0.142)	1.099 (0.141)	1.116 (0.134)	<0.001
Age [mean (SD)]	73.6 (2.9)	73.9 (2.9)	73.6 (2.9)	73.1 (2.8)	<0.001
Female %	50.8	53.5	45.0	57.3	<0.001
Black %	39.7	32.2	35.9	56.7	<0.001
Education %					0.001
< High school	23.9	21.4	22.7	29.5
High school grad	32.1	29.0	32.7	35.3
Post-secondary	44.0	49.7	44.6	35.2
Percent weight change from age 50 [mean (SD)]	6.3 (14.0)	−1.6 (9.9)	6.0 (11.8)	17.3 (15.0)	<0.001
Total fat free mass, gm [mean (SD)]	48,981.3 (10,407.5)	43,632.5 (8,744.0)	50,001.3 (9,556.9)	54,503.2 (10,514.8)	<0.001
Total fat mass, gm [mean (SD)]	26,562.2 (8,474.5)	19,114.1 (4,124.0)	26,377.2 (4,547.7)	37,073.1 (7,090.1)	<0.001
Diabetes %	14.5	9.0	14.5	22.0	<0.001
Cardiovascular disease %	24.6	23.1	26.1	23.9	0.283
Hypertension %	43.7	34.6	43.0	57.3	<0.001
Cancer %	19.2	18.8	19.9	18.6	0.746
Stroke %	1.1	0.7	1.7	0.3	0.011
Steroid use %	2.3	2.6	2.1	1.9	0.602
Bisphosphonate use %	4.0	6.3	3.1	2.3	<0.001
Vitamin D use %	8.4	11.5	7.6	5.6	<0.001
Calcium use %	18.4	24.1	17.1	13.2	<0.001
Good health %	84.8	85.7	86.8	79.9	<0.001
Physical activity, kcal/week [mean (SD)]	1081.8 (1904.4)	1,044.7 (1951.8)	1,216.6 (2037.0)	895.4 (1549.3)	0.233
Short Physical Performance Battery, 0–4 [mean (SD)]	2.2 (0.5)	2.3 (0.5)	2.3 (0.5)	2.0 (0.6)	<0.001
Cognition (3MS), 0–100 [mean (SD)]	90.6 (7.8)	90.7 (8.3)	90.9 (7.6)	89.8 (7.6)	0.007
CESD score, 0–20 [mean (SD)]	4.6 (5.2)	4.7 (5.1)	4.6(5.2)	4.5 (5.2)	0.433
Current smoker %	9.8	14.8	8.1	6.1	<0.001
Frequent drinking %	29.5	36.2	31.1	23.0	<0.001