Table 1.

Attributes and levels for discrete choice experiment

Attribute	Levels
Distance to health facility	30 min 1 hour 1½ hours 2 hours 3 hours
Type of provider*	Female doctor Male doctor Female nurse Male nurse Female health extension worker
Provider attitude	Provider smiles, is kind and respectful, speaks softly Provider does not smile, uses a harsh tone, harsh language
Availability of medication and supplies	Drugs and medical equipment always available Drugs and medical equipment not always available
Availability of free transport	Free ambulance available Free ambulance not available
Support persons	Family and friends allowed in delivery room Family and friends not allowed in delivery room
Cost (cost of user charges, labour-related supplies and non-ambulance transportation)	No cost 50 Ethiopian birr† 100 Ethiopian birr 200 Ethiopian birr 300 Ethiopian birr

*Nurse was used to indicate both nurses and midwives on the advice of Ethiopian staff as patients generally did not understand the difference between nurses and midwives.

†Approximately 20 birr/US$1.