Table 1.
Characteristics of intrauterine transfusions performed in Oman over a four-year period (N = 28)*
| Characteristic | N |
|---|---|
| Maternal history | |
| Previous HDFN | 10 |
| Previous IUFD | 6 |
| Fetal presentation | |
| Hydrops fetalis | 10 |
| Fetal anaemia | 13 |
| Median gestational weeks in weeks (range) | |
| At time of referral | 20 (13–30) |
| At first IUT | 26 (18–30) |
| At live delivery | 32 (28–36) |
| Maternal blood group | |
| O+ | 2 |
| O− | 5 |
| A+ | 1 |
| A− | 1 |
| B− | 4 |
| Maternal antibodies detected† | |
| anti-D | 6 |
| anti-D and anti-C | 4 |
| anti-K | 1 |
| anti-Jsb | 1 |
| None | 1 |
| Antibody titre | |
| 1:128 | 1 |
| 1:512 | 1 |
| 1:1,024 | 2 |
| 1:2,048 | 4 |
| >1:2,048 | 1 |
| NP | 2‡ |
| Initial IUT approach | |
| Transplacental intravascular§ | 10 |
| Intracardiac | 2 |
| Intraperitoneal | 1 |
| Mean Hb level in g/dL ± SD | |
| Baseline | 5.2 ± 2.7 |
| Post-IUT | 12.5 ± 3.8¶ |
| Post-delivery | 10.4 ± 2.9 |
HDFN = haemolytic disease of the fetus and newborn; IUFD = intrauterine fetal death; IUT = intrauterine transfusion; K = Kell; NP = not performed; Hb = haemoglobin; SD = standard deviation.
*
A total of 28 IUTs were performed for 13 fetuses carried by 11 women.
†
At time of referral.
‡
Including one case with anti-K antibodies and one with non-immune HDFN due to a parvovirus infection.
§
Through the placental umbilical cord root.
¶
Statistically significant increase in comparison to mean baseline Hb levels (P <0.01).