Table 3. Concurrent functional measures by frailty group.
| Measure | Not frail (n = 1339) | Pre-frail (n = 924) | Frail (n = 278) | p-value1 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Physical function difficulty2, % | 38 | 70 | 97 | <0.001 |
| IADL Difficulty3, % | 4 | 24 | 55 | <0.001 |
| Grip strength4, mean | 35.9 | 32.3 | 29.7 | <0.001 |
1 Chi-squared goodness of fit test
2Physical functioning assessed across seven possible difficulties: standing from chair; carrying 10 pounds; stooping, crouching, or kneeling; pulling or pushing objects; doing heavy housework; using fingers; raising hands. Indicator of any difficulty. Missing = 244.
3IADL: Instrumental Activities of Daily Living difficulty indicates self-reported problem in performing at least one of the seven items. Missing = 65.
4Missing = 722.