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. 2018 Jan 5;32(4):1778–1793. doi: 10.1096/fj.201700349R

Figure 2.

Figure 2.

Effect of chloroquine on persistent AF in isolated Langendorff-perfused hearts. A) Ex vivo epicardial and endocardial mapping setup includes 3 synchronized CCD cameras: cameras 1 and 2 for the epicardial imaging of the LA and RA and camera 3 coupled to an endoscope advanced through the left ventricle into the LA for endocardial PLA imaging. B) APD75 and APD50 at constant 2.5 Hz pacing in PLA, LA, and RA, before and after the application of 1 µM chloroquine (n = 5). C) Representative DF maps of the PLA, LA, and RA in baseline AF and 2 and 4 min after chloroquine 1 µM perfusion. After 4 min, the heart spontaneously reverted to a 1.2 Hz SR. D) Time course of the average DF in the 5 hearts, 30 min before and after chloroquine perfusion. The black × marks indicate the time of spontaneous AF cardioversion in each of the hearts. E) Average maximum DF right before chloroquine application at baseline and immediately before AF termination. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01.