Table 4. Summary of proteomic biomarkers in body fluids proposed for the management of pancreatic cancer.
| Single biomarker or panel | Sample | Utility | Expression patterna | Year | Ref. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mucin | Cyst fluid | Diagnostic | ↑ | 2014 | [113] |
| Mucin | Cyst fluid | Diagnostic | ↑ | 2014 | [114] |
| MUC-5AC and MUC2 | Cyst fluid | Diagnostic | Both ↑ | 2017 | [115] |
| MUC-5AC and PSCA | Cyst fluid | Diagnostic | Both ↑ | 2017 | [115] |
| AFM, REG-1-A, PIGR, and LCN2 | Cyst fluid | Diagnostic | ↓, ↑, ↑, and ↑ | 2015 | [111] |
| sLR11 | Bile | Diagnostic | ↑ | 2016 | [117] |
a Expression pattern observed in pancreatic cancer patients. ↑: upregulated. ↓ downregulated.