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. 2018 Apr 10;9:1274. doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-03660-8

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© The Author(s) 2018

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 1 — Resting-state BOLD SD is reduced in sensory cortices at twilight, when visual detection is improved. a Significant main effect of ToD for resting-state BOLD SD in visual (cluster 1, peak MNI value −8 −90 20), somatosensory (clusters 2–4, peak MNI values −4 −38 68; −60 −8 40; 58 −8 36), and right auditory cortices (cluster 5, peak MNI value 64–48 20) (cluster-extent based threshold: k = 395, P < 0.05, family-wise error (FWE) corrected; cluster-defining primary threshold of F(5, 65) > 4.70, P < 0.001, uncorrected; n = 14). Color indicates F-values. For further statistical details see Table 1. b Group analysis showing significant resting-state BOLD SD decreases in visual cortex (cluster 1) at 08:00 and 20:00 h compared to midday measurements (graph shows the group-mean BOLD SD values and error bars represent the 95% confidence interval. Asterisks mark significant pairwise differences at P < 0.05, Bonferroni corrected). Note that somatosensory, and right auditory cortex show similar ToD-effects (Supplementary Fig. 1c). For further statistical details see Table 2. c Main effect of ToD for omission errors during the visual detection task. Participants committed significantly less omission errors at the same times, when resting-state BOLD SD was decreased (see b; graph shows the group-mean omission errors and error bars represent the 95% confidence interval. Asterisks mark significant pairwise differences at P < 0.05)