Table 1.
Patient characteristics at baseline.
| Characteristic | Group A Dietary & PA (n = 55) |
Group B Dietary only (n = 56) |
Group C PA only (n = 56) |
Group D Usual care (n = 56) |
P | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No. | % | No. | % | No. | % | No. | % | ||
| Age, years (mean, SD) | 63.2 | 11.4 | 65.9 | 9.8 | 66.6 | 9.5 | 64.9 | 9.4 | 0.324 |
| Sex | 0.221 | ||||||||
| Male | 37 | 67.3 | 34 | 60.7 | 40 | 71.4 | 30 | 53.6 | |
| Female | 18 | 32.7 | 22 | 39.3 | 16 | 28.6 | 26 | 46.4 | |
| Education level | 0.238 | ||||||||
| High school or below | 7 | 12.7 | 6 | 10.7 | 11 | 19.6 | 4 | 7.1 | |
| College or above | 48 | 87.3 | 50 | 89.3 | 45 | 80.4 | 52 | 92.9 | |
| Care giver | 0.875 | ||||||||
| Self | 35 | 63.6 | 35 | 62.5 | 39 | 69.6 | 39 | 69.6 | |
| Spouse | 12 | 21.8 | 15 | 26.8 | 13 | 23.2 | 11 | 19.6 | |
| Others | 8 | 14.5 | 6 | 10.7 | 4 | 7.1 | 6 | 10.7 | |
| Monthly household income† | 0.422 | ||||||||
| ≤HK$10,000 | 21 | 38.2 | 18 | 32.1 | 20 | 35.7 | 15 | 26.8 | |
| HK$10,000-HK$25,000 | 12 | 21.8 | 11 | 19.6 | 12 | 21.4 | 22 | 39.3 | |
| >HK$25,000 | 19 | 34.5 | 23 | 41.1 | 19 | 33.9 | 17 | 30.4 | |
| Cancer site | 0.589 | ||||||||
| Colon | 35 | 63.6 | 34 | 60.7 | 29 | 51.8 | 35 | 62.5 | |
| Rectum | 20 | 36.4 | 22 | 39.3 | 26 | 46.4 | 21 | 37.5 | |
| Colon and rectum | 0 | 0.0 | 0 | 0.0 | 1 | 1.8 | 0 | 0.0 | |
| AJCC tumor stage | 0.407 | ||||||||
| Stage I | 14 | 25.9 | 9 | 16.1 | 8 | 14.5 | 12 | 21.4 | |
| Stage II | 24 | 44.4 | 20 | 35.7 | 27 | 49.1 | 24 | 42.9 | |
| Stage III or IV | 16 | 29.6 | 27 | 48.2 | 20 | 36.4 | 20 | 35.7 | |
| Cigarette smoking status | 0.684 | ||||||||
| Never-smoker | 39 | 70.9 | 41 | 73.2 | 37 | 66.1 | 42 | 75.0 | |
| Ex-smoker | 14 | 25.5 | 10 | 17.9 | 16 | 28.6 | 10 | 17.9 | |
| Current smoker | 2 | 3.6 | 5 | 8.9 | 3 | 5.4 | 4 | 7.1 | |
| Alcohol drinking habit | 0.818 | ||||||||
| Never drinker | 31 | 56.4 | 30 | 53.6 | 32 | 57.1 | 38 | 67.9 | |
| Ex-drinker | 17 | 30.9 | 17 | 30.4 | 16 | 28.6 | 12 | 21.4 | |
| Current drinker | 7 | 12.7 | 9 | 16.1 | 8 | 14.3 | 6 | 10.7 | |
| Hypertension | 18 | 32.7 | 28 | 50.0 | 20 | 35.7 | 22 | 39.3 | 0.264 |
| Ischemic heart disease | 1 | 1.8 | 5 | 8.9 | 6 | 10.7 | 2 | 3.6 | 0.165 |
| Diabetes mellitus | 8 | 14.5 | 13 | 23.2 | 6 | 10.7 | 9 | 16.1 | 0.335 |
| Chronic respiratory diseases | 3 | 5.5 | 2 | 3.6 | 0 | 0.0 | 3 | 5.4 | 0.370 |
| Chronic renal disease | 2 | 3.6 | 0 | 0.0 | 1 | 1.8 | 1 | 1.8 | 0.555 |
| Cerebrovascular accident | 2 | 3.6 | 2 | 3.6 | 0 | 0.0 | 1 | 1.8 | 0.517 |
| Stoma status | 0.922 | ||||||||
| No stoma | 47 | 85.8 | 48 | 85.7 | 48 | 85.7 | 50 | 89.3 | |
| Permanent or temporary sotma | 8 | 14.5 | 8 | 14.3 | 8 | 14.3 | 6 | 10.7 | |
| Body weight, kg (mean, SD) | 62.9 | 12.0 | 62.1 | 11.0 | 61.8 | 10.4 | 61.3 | 10.7 | 0.893 |
| BMI, kg/m2 (mean, SD) | 23.8 | 3.3 | 24.0 | 3.2 | 23.8 | 3.1 | 23.9 | 3.6 | 0.987 |
| Caloric intake, Kcal (mean, SD) | 1530 | 400 | 1548 | 429 | 1518 | 367 | 1520 | 477 | 0.979 |
| Dietary & PA targets | |||||||||
| RPM intake, servings/week (mean, SD) | 9.2 | 6.5 | 8.3 | 5.0 | 7.7 | 4.3 | 8.8 | 7.1 | 0.547 |
| RG intake, servings/day (mean, SD) | 3.0 | 1.1 | 2.7 | 0.9 | 2.8 | 1.1 | 2.7 | 0.8 | 0.438 |
| Accumulated MVPA, minutes/week (mean, SD) | 534.2 | 329.3 | 498.1 | 316.8 | 460.8 | 239.6 | 473.3 | 267.3 | 0.597 |
| Meeting red/processed meat target | 14 | 25.5 | 16 | 28.6 | 10 | 17.9 | 16 | 28.6 | 0.516 |
| Meeting refined grain target | 6 | 10.9 | 7 | 12.5 | 7 | 12.5 | 5 | 8.9 | 0.922 |
| Meeting PA general health target | 47 | 85.5 | 46 | 82.1 | 46 | 82.1 | 50 | 89.3 | 0.980 |
| Meeting PA cancer outcome target | 41 | 74.5 | 34 | 60.7 | 37 | 66.1 | 42 | 75.0 | 0.614 |
Abbreviations: PA, physical activity; SD, standard deviation; AJCC, American Joint Committee on Cancer.
†Exchange rate: US$1 = HK$7.8.