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. 2018 Apr 10;8:5745. doi: 10.1038/s41598-018-23965-4

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© The Author(s) 2018

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Male Met offspring have improved insulin secretory responses in vitro. Pancreas morphology in 3 month old offspring of metformin treated or control dams examining β-cell mass (a) (n = 5) and β-cell proliferation (b) (n = 3). β-cell mass at 2 years in female offspring n = 4 per group (c). (d–e) In vitro islet secretion assay in response to high glucose (d) and potassium chloride (e) (n = 6). (f) Islet content from 10 representative islets and normalized to DNA content from n = 7–9 animals per group. Relative expression of Ins2, Pdx1, GLUT2 and GCK mRNA from n = 4–5 animals per group (g).