Table 2.

Lung function in patients receiving LAMA therapy, compared with placebo, in double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled studies ≥6 months in duration

Study	FEV1 at baseline (mL)		Trough FEV1 (mL)
	Treatment	Placebo	Δ vs placebo (at time point)	P-value
Tiotropium 18 µg qd (via HandiHaler® device)
Casaburi et al (2002)18	1,000	1,040	120–150a (49 weeks)	<0.01
Donohue et al (2002)19	1,110	1,060	137 (24 weeks)	<0.0001
Niewoehner et al (2005)20	1,040	1,040	100 (6 months)	<0.001
Chan et al (2007)21	970	960	100 (48 weeks)a	<0.0001
Tashkin et al (2008) (UPLIFT)22	1,330	1,332	87–103 (over study period to 48 months)a	<0.001
Troosters et al (2014)23	1,950	1,900	140 (week 24)	<0.001
Kerwin et al (2012) (GLOW2)27	1,500	1,500	83 (week 12) 84 (week 26) 89 (week 52)	<0.001
Tiotropium 5 µg qd (via Respimat® device)
Bateman et al (2010)24	1,066	1,058	127 (week 48)a	<0.0001
Bateman et al (2010)25	1,109	1,101	102 (week 48)a	<0.0001
Glycopyrronium 50 µg qd
D’Urzo et al (2011) (GLOW1)26	1,490	1,450	105 (week 12)a 113 (week 26)	<0.001
Kerwin et al (2012) (GLOW2)27	1,500	1,500	97 (week 12)a 134 (week 26) 108 (week 52)	<0.001
Umeclidinium 62.5 µg qd
Donohue et al (2013)28	NR	NR	115 (day 169)a	<0.001
Aclidinium 400 µg bid
Jones et al (2012) (ATTAIN)29	1,510	1,500	128 (week 24)a	<0.0001
Singh et al (2014) (ACLIFORM)30	1,400	1,420	117 (week 24)	<0.001
D’Urzo et al (2014) (AUGMENT)31	1,340	1,350	~101 (week 24)b	<0.0001

Notes: Results for FEV₁ are expressed as active treatment minus placebo values. All differences vs placebo are statistically significant unless otherwise indicated.

^aPrimary endpoint.

^bEstimated from figure.

Abbreviations: bid, twice daily; FEV₁, forced expiratory volume in 1 second; LAMA, long-acting muscarinic antagonist; NR, not reported; qd, once daily.